Childhood

Question 1

Aries

Answer 1

In the 10th-13th century childhood didn't exist (mini-adults) 
Around 1700s childhood emerged in the aristocracy working class children worked.
Legislations caused working classes to recognise childhood

Question 2

Legislations that led to recognition of childhood

Answer 2

Child labour act

1870 education act

Question 3

Shorter

Answer 3

Attitudes were different due to high death rates

Question 4

Differences between cultures…

Answer 4

Underdeveloped countries- high child labour (Brazil, India)
Globalisation of western culture- assuming our culture is right and others should be the same
Ethnocentric- western is superior.

Question 5

5 reasons for the change in position of children

Answer 5

• Laws restricting child labour/exclude children from paid work
• Compulsory education
• Child protection
• Decline in infant mortality
• laws on sex, smoking

Question 6

Childhood has improved

Answer 6

‘March of progress’ view from sociologists such as Aries
Now more child centred for example billions spent education each year
Decline in infant mortality
The family is child centred

Question 7

Childhood has not improved

Answer 7

Class inequalities-
Working classes more likely to die, suffer illness, be shorter and do worse in school
Gender inequalities-
Boys are more likely to participate in crime and girls are more supervised
Ethnic inequalities-
Afro-Caribbean children are more likely to be smacked

Question 8

Childhood is socially constructed

Answer 8

Socially constructed- created/defined by society

Our society- innocent, vulnerable, period of protection/nurture