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Q2 > Chloroplast and Pigments > Flashcards

Chloroplast and Pigments Flashcards

1
Q

chloroplast is a type of

A

plastid

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2
Q

 Plastid
 Green color
 Double-membrane
 Found in green parts of plants
 Concentrated in the parenchyma cells of the leaf mesophyll
 With DNA
 Different stages of PHOTOSYNTHESIS occur here

A

chloroplast

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3
Q

where does photosynthesis occur?

A

chloroplast

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4
Q

Freely permeable to small molecules

A

Outer membrane

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5
Q

Highly selective; Contains integral membrane proteins; does not function for PS

A

Inner membrane

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6
Q

Gap between inner and outer membrane; nucleotide phosphorylation

A

Intermembrance Space

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7
Q

Membrane-bound flattened disks

A

thylakoid

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8
Q

Arranged in stacks called GRANUM (pl. GRANA)

A

thylakoid

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9
Q

Connected through intergranal lamellae/stromal lamellae

A

thylakoid

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10
Q

Houses chlorophylls

A

thylakoid membrane

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11
Q

Different protein complexes e.g., PS1 and PS2

A

thylakoid membrane

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12
Q

ATP synthase

A

thylakoid membrane

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13
Q

contains the chloroplast DNA and ribosomes as well as many enzymes

A

stroma

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14
Q

What causes plants to have different colors?

A

interaction of pigment and sunlight

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15
Q

wavelength of visible light

A

380–740nm

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16
Q

Your retina is sensitive to visible light. It has ______ that convert light to electrical signals. The signal is sent to the brain through the _____, then the brain will form colors and images.

A

photoreceptors
optic nerve

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17
Q

The color that is not absorbed by pigments of objects is ____ or ____ and that is the color of the object that we see.

A

transmitted
reflected

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18
Q

“Biochromes”

A

pigments

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19
Q

substances that absorb visible light

A

pigment

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20
Q

Different _____ absorb light of different wavelengths.

A

pigments

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21
Q

Controls growth & development Give colors to flowers, leaves, and fruits

A

pigment

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22
Q

Plays a key role in photosynthesis

A

pigment

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23
Q

The colors attract pollinators

A

pigment

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24
Q

____ are how plants capture the sun’s energy to be used in photosynthesis.

A

Pigments

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25
Q

why are there several kinds of pigments of different colors

A

since each pigment absorbs only a narrow range of wavelengths

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26
Q

4 types of pigment

A

chlorophyll, caroteniod, anthocyanin, betalains

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27
Q

makes leaves appear green

A

chlorophyll

28
Q

absorbs red and blue wavelength

A

chlorophyll

29
Q

reflects green wavelength

A

chlorophyll

30
Q

yellow, orange, or red

A

carotenoid

31
Q

found in chromoplast

A

carotenoid

31
Q

absorb blue and green wavelength

A

carotenoid

32
Q

water-soluble pigment

A

anthocyanin

33
Q

blue, purple, or red colors

A

anthocyanin

33
Q

found in vacuoles

A

anthocyanin

34
Q

red or yellow color

A

betalains

35
Q

found in the vacuoles of plant cells

A

betalains

36
Q

Pigments that can absorb energy from the sunlight that in turn would be utilized during photosynthesis.

A

photosynthetic pigment

37
Q

how does chlorophyll and carotenoid have the ability to absorb light

A

because of their structure: conjugated double bond

38
Q

single and double bonds alternate

A

conjugated double bond

39
Q

importance of conjugated double bond

A

electrons are more exposed

40
Q

greenish pigment found in the thylakoid membrane

A

chlorophyll

41
Q

blue and red light while it transmits and reflects green light

A

chlorophyll

42
Q

flat hydrophilic called porphyrin

A

chlorophyll head

43
Q

has an mg2+ atom at the center

A

chlorophyll head

44
Q

essential for the process of converting light energy into electrical energy

A

chlorophyll head

45
Q

lipid soluble hydrocarbon tail called phytol

A

chlorophyll tail

46
Q

chlorophyll head

A

porphyrin

47
Q

chlorophyll tail

A

phytol

48
Q

anchors chlorophyll in the thylakoid membrance

A

chlorophyll tail

49
Q

types of chlorophyll

A

chlorophyll a, b, c, d

50
Q

present in photosynthetic plants, cyanobacteria

A

chlorophyll a

51
Q

present in higher plants and various green algae

A

chlorophyll b

52
Q

present in brown algae and diatoms

A

chlorophyll c

53
Q

red algae and cyanobacteria

A

chlorophyll d

54
Q

polyene chain terminating in rings

A

carotenoid

55
Q

accessory light-harvesting pigments

A

carotenoid

56
Q

absorb wavelength that is not absorbed by chlorophyll

A

carotenoid

57
Q

responsible for orange, yellow, brown, and red colors

A

carotenoid

58
Q

has a protective role from the damaging effects of sunlight (like melanin)

A

carotenoid

59
Q

measures the relative amounts of light of different wavelengths absorbed and transmitted by a pigment solution

A

Spectrophotometer

60
Q

This machine directs beams of light of different wavelengths through a solution of the pigment and measures the fraction of the light transmitted at each wavelength.

A

Spectrophotometer

61
Q

shows the different wavelengths of light absorbed by the pigment

A

absorption spectrum

62
Q

profiles the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of radiation in driving the photosynthesis

A

action spectrum

63
Q

What is the relationship between the absorption spectrum and the rate of photosynthesis?

A

As more light is absorbed, the greater the rate of photosynthesis. Light provides the energy for light-dependent reaction.

Q2 (6 decks)

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