Chronic heart failure Flashcards
1
Q
Risk factors for CHF
A
CAD, drugs and alcohol, family history
2
Q
CHF signs
A
Tachycardia, displaced apex, heart murmurs, raised JVP, hypertension, enlarged liver, pulmonary and peripheral oedema
3
Q
You suspect CHF
A
- Admission if severe
- Transthoracic echocardiography
- NT-pro-BNP level
- 12 lead ECG
(CXR, blood test, urine dipstick, lung function tests)
4
Q
Initial CHF management
A
Loop diuretic for oedema
5
Q
BNP
A
Ventricular hormone released in response to myocardial wall stress, increased in patients with heart failure
6
Q
ANP
A
Atrial hormone released in response to stretch
7
Q
Endothelin
A
Vasoconstrictor substance, elevated in Hf
8
Q
Nitric oxide
A
Vasodilator substance, reduced in HF
9
Q
ADH
A
Vasopressin, raised in severe chronic heart failure
10
Q
Classification of CHF
A
NYHA classification
