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Semester 1 Finals > Civics > Flashcards

Civics Flashcards

0
Q

Democracy

A

Power held by the people

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1
Q

Political Systems

A

Who has the power to make decisions. How much power do they heed.

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2
Q

Direct Democracy

A

Majority vote. People vote themselves.

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3
Q

Representative Democracy

A

Elects representatives to run government

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4
Q

Presidential

A

(Type of representative democracy) People elect the president. The branch of government that makes laws and the branch that carries then out are separate.

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5
Q

Parliamentary

A

(Type of representative democracy) Not a huge separation of powers.

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6
Q

Monarchy

A

Inherited rule. (Devine right)

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7
Q

Absolute Monarchy

A

(Part of democracy) when King, Queen, Emperor, Empress have all power to rule

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8
Q

Constitutional Monarchy

A

(Type of monarchy). When powers of the monarchy are limited by a constitution

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9
Q

Authoritarian

A

State not the people hold the power.

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10
Q

Dictatorship

A

(Type of authoritarian government) A single person or group had all control

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11
Q

Totalitarianism

A

(Type of authoritarian) Government controls people’s behavior for the good of the state m.

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12
Q

Fascism

A

(Part of totalitarianism) People are allowed to own property but have no power to govern themselves.

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13
Q

Communism

A

(Part of totalitarianism) The central government and communism party control all economic and political life.

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14
Q

Economic systems

A

Traditional Economy, command economy, market economy, & mixed economy.

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15
Q

Traditional Economy

A

Basic economic decisions are made according to long-established patterns or behaviors.

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16
Q

Command economy

A

The government controls the factors of production and makes basic economic decisions.

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17
Q

Market economy

A

Private individuals own the factors of production and make basic economic decisions.

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18
Q

Mixed economy

A

An economy that’s a mixture of two or more of the basic structures.

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19
Q

Ideas our founding fathers borrowed: John Locke

A

Natural Rights.

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20
Q

Ideas our founding fathers borrowed: Magna Carta

A

From England. Changed from only benefiting nobles to benefitting everyone. Listed rights the king could not take away.

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21
Q

Ideas our founding fathers borrowed: English Bill of Rights

A

Couldn’t limit speech. Couldn’t collect taxes without parliament approval.

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22
Q

Ideas our founding fathers borrowed: Thomas Paine

A

Wrote common sense. Was an argument against England’s treatment of the colonies.

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23
Q

Ideas our founding fathers borrowed: Greek Direct Democracy.

A

Citizens make laws. Met regularly to discuss ways to improve their community.

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24
Q

Ideas our founding fathers borrowed: Roman Government

A

Was a republic. Elected representatives.

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25
Q

Ideas our founding fathers borrowed: Baron Montesque

A

Divided government into three branches. Suggested to keep power out of one persons hands.

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26
Q

Demography

A

The study of size, growth, and distribution of human populations.

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27
Q

Sunbelt

A

Warm weather states

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28
Q

Service Jobs

A

Jobs in which a person makes a living by doing a service.

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29
Q

Baby Boom

A

The dramatic rise in number of births that occurred between 1946-1964

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30
Q

Diversity

A

Differences

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31
Q

Immigrants

A

People who move from one country to make a home in another.

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32
Q

Discrimination

A

The unfair treatment of a group of people compared with another group.

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33
Q

Racism

A

The belief that members of ones own race are superior to those of another race.

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34
Q

Exclusion laws

A

Prohibited immigration from China and Japan.

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35
Q

Census

A

Population survey that is take every 10 years.

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36
Q

Beliefs

A

Certain values that we trust are true.

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37
Q

Values

A

Standards of behavior.

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38
Q

Equality

A

Permitting everyone the same rights and responsibilities.

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39
Q

Freedom

A

The ability to make choices.

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40
Q

Justice

A

Fairness.

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41
Q

Heritage

A

The traditions passed down from generation to generation.

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42
Q

Legislature

A

A group of people chosen to make laws.

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43
Q

Charter

A

A document giving permission to create a government.

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44
Q

Tyranny

A

The abuse of power.

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45
Q

Direct democracy

A

A form of government where the laws are made directly by the citizens.

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46
Q

Republic

A

A government in which representatives are elected to make laws.

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47
Q

Natural rights

A

Rights we are born with and no government can take away.

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48
Q

Separation of power

A

The division of government power among legislative judicial and executive branches.

49
Q

Compact

A

A written agreement to obey laws for the welfare of the group.

50
Q

Ratification

A

Approval

51
Q

Bicameral

A

Two houses

52
Q

Bill of Rights

A

List of citizens rights

53
Q

The great compromise

A

When each side gave up what it wanted in order to benefit all led to two senators per state and House of Representatives by population

54
Q

3/5 compromise

A

Counted each slave as three fifths of a person one population was counted.

55
Q

Federalists

A

Supporters of the Constitution because of strong federal government

56
Q

Anti-Federalists

A

Opponents of the Constitution viewed strong central government and wanted a Bill of Rights

57
Q

Amendments

A

Changes

58
Q

Federalism

A

Division of power between the states and federal government.

59
Q

Concurrent powers

A

Powers shared by the federal and state governments.

60
Q

Reserved powers

A

Power the Constitution neither gives to Congress nor denies to the states

61
Q

Checks and balances

A

Gives each branch of government a way to limit the power of the other two

62
Q

National convention

A

Assembly

63
Q

Amendment process

A

The way which changes are added to the constitution

64
Q

Double Jeopardy

A

Being placed on placed on trial twice for the same crime

65
Q

Separation of church and state

A

The situation which the government may not favor any religion or establish an official religion.

66
Q

Eminent domain

A

The power to take private property for public use.

67
Q

Impeach

A

Accuse

68
Q

Due process of law

A

A process by which the government must treat an accused person fairly according to the rules established by law

69
Q

Freedom of the press

A

The right to publish newspapers magazines and other materials without government restriction

70
Q

Freedom of speech

A

The right to express one’s opinion publicly

71
Q

Case studies

A

Decisions of the court determined by descriptions of situations or conflicts the issues involved and the decisions made

72
Q

Sovereignty

A

The right to rule

73
Q

Rule of law

A

Law applies to everyone even leaders are not above the law

74
Q

Evolution

A

Government developed from families; the individual families eventually came together

75
Q

Force

A

A powerful group/person takes control of everyone else and rules.

76
Q

Devine right

A

The right to justify the power to the monarchs. Kings and queens believe their power came from God

77
Q

Social contract

A

Group of people signed up voluntary contract allowing themselves to be ruled. After that the government/leader has full control over the people

78
Q

Items Nation States (countries) have

A

population. Law (territory with boundaries). Government (laws economic functions leader).

79
Q

Group created in 1773

A

Samuel Adams created a group called the sons of liberty in 1773

80
Q

Destruction of tea

A

Boston tea party destroyed tons of tea

81
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

Summer of 1776 a group of men signed the Declaration of Independence

82
Q

What did King George the third do?

A

King George the third made Britain more expensive

83
Q

Boston massacre

A

1770 British troops in Boston fired into a crowd of Heckeler’s, Boston massacre

84
Q

Tea tax?

A

Britain imposed the tax on tea

85
Q

Amendment proposal

A

There are two ways to propose an amendment. 1. By two thirds vote in the Senate and the House of Representatives. 2. A national convention.

86
Q

Who suggested the Bill of Rights be added?

A

James Madison but Patrick Henry was an anti-Federalist who pushed for it.

87
Q

Qualities of being a good citizen

A

Law-abiding. Hard-working. Loyal.

88
Q

America as a mosaic

A

America is very diverse people from everywhere make up the US. We come together like a mosaic each individual pieces making up the nation

89
Q

Naturalization process

A

Step one: application. Step two: examination. Step three: final hearing.

90
Q

Examination process of naturalization

A

The process of becoming a citizen. Must be: 18 years of age or older, legal resident in the United States for five years, and state for three months, good moral character, loyal to the principles of the US, able to read, write, and speak English, know US history and government.

91
Q

Alien rights

A

Some rights and responsibilities as American citizens but can’t government office

92
Q

Rights of citizens

A

The right to vote and to hold elected office. The right to say what you want in speech or writing. Right to practice your own religion. Right to have a fair trial.

93
Q

Duties of citizens

A

Obeying laws. Paying taxes. Attending school. Defending nation. Serving on a jury of as a witness in court.

94
Q

Responsibilities of a citizen

A

Contribute to the common good. Voting. Holding government office. Participating in election campaigns. Influencing government. Serving the community.

95
Q

Illegal alien

A

Someone who is in a country illegally

96
Q

Quota policy

A

A way to restrict immigration. And at the Eastern/Southern European countries

97
Q

Weaknesses of the article of Confederation

A

Not a strong enough national/federal government

98
Q

What did the Declaration of Independence do

A

Declared our independence from Britain

99
Q

Magna Carta/English Bill of Rights. Ideas about government the framers borrowed.

A

The Magna Carta listed rights the king cannot take away. The English Bill of Rights could not limit speech or tax without parliaments approval.

100
Q

Thomas paine’s writings

A

Wrote commonsense. Argument against England’s treatment of the colony.

101
Q

Compromises involved in writing the constitution.

A

Great compromise. 3/5 compromise. Slave trade compromise. Who could vote? Who can vote.

102
Q

Federalists

A

Supported the constitution. Important Federalists: James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay. They wanted a strong national government. Wrote the Federalist papers.

103
Q

Anti Federalists

A

Did not want to strong federal government. Feared abuse of power, wanted a Bill of Rights.

104
Q

Weaknesses of the articles of Confederation

A

Didn’t have a strong national government

105
Q

First 10 amendments what do they do

A

Protect the rights

106
Q

Founding fathers a K a framers

A

Created the Constitution

107
Q

Virginia plan and New Jersey plan

A

Virginia plan: two house legislatures

representation based on population. New Jersey plan: the house legislative representation equal

108
Q

Great compromise

A

Two house legislator: a House of Representatives elected on basis of state population. Two senators for each state.

109
Q

Elastic clause, what does it do

A

Allows Congress to make laws that are “necessary and proper”.

110
Q

Federalism

A

The division of power between the states and federal/national government.

111
Q

Declaration of independence what did it do?

A

Declared the colonies independence from Britain.

112
Q

Order and purpose of the major written documents

A

First, Declaration of Independence: declared the colonies independence from Britain, articles of Confederation: first form of government, Constitution: better form of government.

113
Q

Bill of Rights be familiar with the First Amendment

A

Bill of Rights gave us five 10 rights plus freedoms. First Amendment gave us, freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom to petition the government, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion.

114
Q

The functions of each branch

A

The legislative branch makes laws. The executive branch enforces laws. The judicial branch interprets laws.

115
Q

Articles 123 of the Constitution

A

1.talks about the legislative branch. 2.talks about the executive branch. 3.talks about the judicial branch.

116
Q

Checks and balances

A

Legislative: May impeach federal judges, they override Presidential veto, approve appointed judges, approve treaties, impeach president. Executive: appoint federal judges,veto acts of Congress, call Congress to a special session. Judicial: interpret treaties, declare executive acts unconstitutional, may interpret laws, declare laws unconstitutional.

117
Q

What determines the number representatives in the house

A

The constitution says it’s based on population

118
Q

Who approves treaties

A

The Senate

119
Q

Judiciary act of 1789… What did it create?

A

Set up federal court system

120
Q

What amendment lowered the voting age?

A

26th amendment lowered the voting age to 18.

121
Q

What’s amendment gave women the right to vote?

A

The 19th amendment gave women the right to vote.

Semester 1 Finals (2 decks)

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