Civil Rights Flashcards
14th Amendment
Provided citizens with equal protection of the law
15th Amendment
The right to vote (race, color, former slavery)
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibition of all discrimination: race, color, religion, national origin
Swann v Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971)
Students would be bussed from segregated schools to speed up integration; stayed until 1990s
Title VI (Civil Rights)
Abolishment of discrimination based on race and ethnicity in programs or activities receiving federal funding.
Title IX (Civil Rights)
Abolishment of discrimination against women in any federally funded education program or activity.
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Prohibits discrimination based on disabilities in anything federal or federally funded.
American Disabilities Act
Prohibits discrimination based on disabilities in employment, state and local government, public accomodations, commercial facilities, transportation, and telecommunications.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Ensures children with disabilities receive the same educational opportunities as children without disabilities.
Title III (NCLB)
Provides funding for LEP students.
Hazelwood School District v Kuhlmeier
School-sponsored speech can be regulated (only if it intrudes upon the rights or security of other students); public schools do not possess all of the attributes of streets and other traditional public forums.
Harper v Poway Unified School District
Students have a right to be free from discrimination and harassment
Lemon v Kurtzman (Pennsylvania)
A statute cannot excessively mix government and religion
Hobson v Hansen (Board of Education of DC)
Equal educational opportunity: schools can’t ability track, provide bus transportation for desegregation, integrate teacher assignment, or have optional attendance
Lau v Nichols
Requires schools to provide bilingual education
