Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

600 - Orthopedic Treatment > Shoulder Anatomy > Flashcards

Shoulder Anatomy Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Anterior Deltoid
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: Clavicle - lateral 1/3
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: Flexion, Medial rotation, and Horizontal adduction of the arm @ the GH jt.
N: Axillary nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Middle Deltoid
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: Acromion process of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: Abduction of arm @ GH jt
N: Axillary nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Posterior Deltoid
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: Spine of Scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: Extension, Lateral rotation, and Horizontal abduction of arm @ GH jt
N: Axillary Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Supraspinatus
(O, I, A)

A

O: Supraspinatus fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Abduction of the arm @ GH jt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Infraspinatus
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Lateral rotation of arm @ GH jt
N: Supra scapular nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Teres Minor
(O, I, A)

A

O: Superior lateral border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Lateral rotation of arm @ GH jt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Subscapularis
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: Subscapular fossa of the scapula
I: Lesser tubercle of the humerus
A: Medial rotation of the arm @ the GH jt
N: Upper and Lower sub-scapular nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Teres Major
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: Inferior angle and inferior lateral border of scapula
I: Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus
A: Medial rotation, Adduction, and Extension of arm @ GH jt
N: Lower sub-scapular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Coracobrachialis
(O, I, A)

A

O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Medial shaft of humerus
A: Flexion & Adduction of the arm @ GH jt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Biceps Brachii
(O, I, A, N)

A

O:
Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Radial tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis
A: Flexion of arm @ GH jt, Flexion of forearm @ elbow jt, Supination of the forearm @ radioulnar jt
N: Musculo-cutaneous nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Triceps Brachii
(O, I, A, N)

A

O:
Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: Humeral shaft - proximal 1/2
Medial head: Posterior humeral shaft - distal 1/2
I: Olecranon process of ulna
A:
Long head: Extension of the arm @ GH jt, Extension of the forearm @ elbow jt
Lateral head: Extension of the forearm @ elbow jt
Medial head: Extension of the forearm @ elbow jt
N: Radial Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Upper Trapezius
(O,I,A,N)

A

O: EOP and med 1/3 of Sup Nuchal line, nuchal ligament & SP C7
I: acromion & lateral 1/3rd clavicle
A:
* Retract scapula @ scapulocostal jt
* Elevate scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Extension, lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of the neck at spinal jt’s
N: Spinal Accessory (CN XI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Middle Trapezius
(O,I,A,N)

A

O: SP’s of T1-T5
I: Acromion and spine of scapula
A: Retract scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Extension, Lateral flexion and Contralateral rotation of the neck @ the spinal jts.
N: Spinal Accessory (CN XI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lower Trapezius
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: SPs of T6 - T12
I: Root of spine of scapula
A:
* Retract scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Depress scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Extension, Lateral flexion and Contralateral rotation of the neck @ the spinal jts.
N: Spinal Accessory (CN XI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Latissimus Dorsi
(O,I,A,N)

A

O:
* SPs of T7 - L5, post illiac crest & sacrum
* Lower 4 ribs
I: Med lip of bicipital groove
A:
* Extension, medial rotation & adduction of the humerus @ GH joint
* Anterior pelvic tilt
N: Thoraco-dorsal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rhomboid Major
(O,I,A,N)

A

O: SPs of T2-T5
I: Inferior portion of medial border of scapula
A: Retracts and Elevates scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Rhomboid Minor
(O,I,A,N)

A

O:
* SPs of C7 - T1
* Inferior Nuchal Lig
I: Root of the spine of scapula
A: Retracts and Elevates scapula @ scapulocostal jt
N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Levator Scapulae
(O,I,A,N)

A

O: TvPs of C1 - C4
I: Superior angle and superior portion of medial border of scapula
A:
* Elevates the scapula @ Scapulocostal jt
* Extension and lateral flexion of the neck @ spinal jts
N: Dorsal Scapular Nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pectoralis Minor
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: Ribs #3-#5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
A:
-Protraction & depression of the scapula @ the scapulocostal jt.
-Elevates ribs #3-#5 @ the sternocostal & costospinal jts.
N: Medial & lateral Pectoral nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Serratus Anterior
(O, I, A, N)

A

O: Ribs #1- 9
I: Anterior surface of the medial border of scapula
A:
- Protraction and upward rotation of the scapula @ the scapulocostal jt.
N: Long thoracic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pectoralis Major
(O, I, A, N)

A

O:
Clavicular head:
Medial 1/2 of clavicle
Sternal head:
sternum & costal cartilages #1-#7
I: Lateral lip of the bicipital groove
A:
-Flexion, Adduction & Medial rotation of the arm @ the shoulder jt.
-Horizontal adduction of the arm @ the shoulder jt.
N: Medial & lateral Pectoral nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Coracoclavicular ligament 2 parts

A
  • Trapezoid
  • Conoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Trapezoid ligament checks

A
  • Excessive lateral movement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Conoid ligament checks

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Excessive superior movement and widening of scapuloclavicular angle
25
Coracohumeral ligament checks
* strengthens superior capsule and checks gravity
26
Transverse humeral ligament checks
* Holds bicep tendon in groove
27
Sup/Mid/Inf GH ligaments check
* ER/reinforcement * Inf thickest
28
Sup/Inf AC ligaments chck
* Prevent AC seperation
29
Rockwood test Assesses For
* Anterior instability of GH Procedure: 1. Arm by side, passive lateral rotation of the GH 2. Move arm to 45d abduction; passive lateral rotation of the GH 3. Move arm to 90d abduction; passive lateral rotation of the GH 4. Move arm to 120d abduction; passive lateral rotation of the GH
30
Push pull test
* Posterior instability of GH 1. Holds patient wrist; passive abduction to 90d; passive flexion to 30d 2. Place other hand over the proximal humerus close to the humeral head 3. Gradually and slowly and carefully apply levering pressure - push down on the humeral head while pulling up at the wrist
31
Feagin test
* Inferior instability of GH 1. Passively abduct the arm to 90d with an extended elbow 2. Support the arm under the elbow or by placing the wrist on your shoulder 3. Place one hand over the proximal humerus between the middle and upper third (close to humeral head) 4. Apply pressure to push the humeral head down and forward (diagonal)
32
Hawkins Kennedy
* Subacromial impingement 1. Passive forward flexion of arm to 90d 2. Passive maximum medial rotation of arm
33
Neer impingement test
* Subacromial impingement 1. Position tested arm in passive medial rotation 2. Passive maximum elevation of the medially rotated arm in the scapular plane
34
Active compression test of O’Brien
* Labral lesion (SLAP) 1. Arm forward flexed to 90d with elbow fully extended. Arm then horizontally adducted to 10-15d and medially rotated so the thumb faces downard. In this position, apply an eccentric load, pushing the test arm down towards the hip. 2. Return to the start position and repeat the test, this time with the arm in lateral rotation so that the thumb faces up.
35
AC horizontal adduction test
* AC joint lesion 1. Tested arm is brought to 90d forward flexion 2. Either active or passive maximum horizontal adduction is then applied
36
AC shear test
* AC separation 1. Patient is fully passive 2. Examiner places one hand on the spine of the scapula and the other hand on the clavicle, then squeezes their hands together providing a shearing force
37
Drop arm test
* Rotator cuff strain 1. Arm is passively abducted to 90d 2. Patient is asked to slowly lower the arm back to the side in a controlled motion as the examiner removes support of the arm.
38
Lift off sign
* Subscapularis lesion 1. Body stands with hand on lumbar spine as shown below 2. Body is instructed to lift the hand away from the back 3. If able to lift the hand from the back, the examiner applies gentle load to the hand to assess the strength of the subscapularis as well as to observe what the scapula does under dynamic load.
39
Speed’s test
* Biceps tendon lesion 1. Test arm is brought to 90d of forward flexion with the elbow fully extended and the forearm supinated. 2. Isometric resistance is placed on the distal forearm in the direction of extension.
40
Empty can test
* Supraspinatus lesion 1. Arm is actively abducted in the frontal plane to 90d abduction. Isometric resistance is applied. 2. Arm is then actively brought forward about 30d to be in the scapular plane and medially rotated so that the thumb points down (empty can). Isometric resistance is applied.
41
Scapulohumeral rhythm test
* Scapulothoracic function 1. Body is shown the plane of the scapula and the movement of scaption, which is full elevation in the plane of the scapula (about 30d forward of frontal plane (diagonal)) 2. Body actively goes through 8-12 reps of the movement of scaption.
42
Sternoclavicular Arthrokinematics
Clavicular notch of manubrium: Ant/post = convex Sup/Inf = concave Sternal end of the clavicle: Ant/Post = concave Sup/Inf = convex
43
AC and SC resting position
* Arm by side
44
Closed pack position SC
* Maximally elevated arm
45
Closed pack AC joint
* Arm AB to 90
46
AC capsular pattern
* Full elevation with associated pain
47
Capsular pattern SC joint
* Full elevation associated with pain
48
Capsular pattern GH
ER > AB > IR
49
Resting position GH
55-70 AB & 30 horizontal AB
50
Compromised Stability - 2 conditions
* Excess Thoracic kyphosis * Muscle Paresis
51
Excess Thoracic kyphosis
- situates the scapula in a downward rotation. - this takes away the stabilizing ‘lip’ of the glenoid fossa and places the humerus into a pseudo-abduction in reference to the newly positioned scapula. - plus, the normally taut superior joint capsule and coracoacromial ligaments become lax.
52
Muscle Paresis
* Weakness or imbalance may cause the scapular muscles to orient the scapula in the same forward rotation as thoracic kyphosis. * Depending on the severity of the muscle paresis, inferior dislocation or subluxation may occur if the rotator cuff muscles are affected.
53
Shoulder ACTIVE stability
* When the shoulder is raised in any plane away from the side of the body, the superior joint capsule becomes lax. * Therefore it is the responsibility of rotator cuff to maintain dynamic congruency and stabilization
54
3 structures that provide passive stability
* Coracohumeral Ligament * Superior joint capsule * Glenoid cavity
55
GH Force Couples
* Deltoid & Rotator Cuff * Traps & Serratus Anterior
56
Deltoid and Rotator Cuff Force Couple
* The strong multipennate fibres of the deltoid act below the centre of rotation causing an upward and outward force on the humerus – this is for movement and elevation. * The rotator cuff muscles act above the centre of rotation causing an inward, downward force on the humerus – this is to help maintain the congruency of the humeral head in the glenoid cavity. These muscles oppose each other & create a force coupling at the GH necessary for shoulder elevation.
57
Traps and Serratus Anterior Force Couple
The three parts of the trapezius muscle and serratus anterior share a force coupling relationship to help with the rotation of the SCAPULA. With the upward rotation of the glenoid fossa, the scapula needs to track superiorly, anteriorly and laterally.
58
Scauplohumeral Rhythm
1. Humerus 0-30 abduction, minimal scapular movement 2. Phase 2 humerus 30-90 abduction, at 40 scapula begins to rotate, 2:1 scapulohumeral rhythm 3. Phase 3 humerus 90-180 abduction. Final stage 2:1 rhythm continues and clavicle elevates and rotates posterior, humerus laterally rotates 90

600 - Orthopedic Treatment (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions