class12. Systems Development and Project Management

Question 1

7 stages of the systems development life cycle

Answer 1

planning => analyzing => design => develop => test => implement => maintenance

Question 2

Measuring how beneficial or practical an information system will be to an organization.

Answer 2

Feasibility study

Question 3

A smaller-scale representation or working model of the users’ requirements or a proposed design for an information system

Answer 3

prototyping

Question 4

Writtendocumentwithdetailedspecifications
* Used to request bids for equipment, supplies, or services from
vendors
* Contains information on functional, technical, and business requirements of the proposed information system

Answer 4

Request for Proposal(RFP)

Question 5

disadvantage of RFP

Answer 5

time-consuming
can be open to corruption

Question 6

A sequence of phases in which the output of each phase becomes the input for the next

Answer 6

waterfall methodology

Question 7

Emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system to accelerate the systems development process

Answer 7

rapid application development methodology

Question 8

3 areas that the Project Management Institute focuses on

Answer 8

1. ethics: characteristics of practicing professional
2. standards: content & structure of the profession’s body of knowledge
3. accreditation: professional attainment

Question 9

3 independent variables of the project management(the triple constraint)

Answer 9

1. Time
2. Resources
3. Scope

Question 10

Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project

Answer 10

Project Deliverable

Question 11

represents key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed

Answer 11

project milestone

Question 12

useful reminders on how to ensure that the project has created understandable and measurable objectives

Answer 12

SMART criteria for goals
specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time-bound

Question 13

well-defined project plan should be (4)

Answer 13

1. easy to understand & read
2. communicated to all key participants
3. appropriate to the project’s size, complexity, and criticality
4. prepared by the team not the individual project manager

Question 14

2 diagrams used in project planning

Answer 14

1. PERT chart: program evaluation and review technique
2. Gantt chart: bar chart

Question 15

The order of the required activities that will result in the minimum time to finish (if done on time) and NONE of these steps can be delayed

Answer 15

critical path

Question 16

what is ‘crashing’ in the critical path?

Answer 16

adding resources to speed up the step

Question 17

5 benefits of outsourcing

Answer 17

1. firms can focus on what they do well
2. financial savings
3. rapid growth(<= easy to scale)
4. can hire specialists
5. internet and globalization => Outsourcing is flexible

Question 18

5 drawbacks of outsourcing

Answer 18

1. language & communication issues
2. trusting an external source to be responsible for quality
3. confidentiality and data security issues
4. hidden costs and over-budget situations
5. can affect company morale

Question 19

3 types of outsourcing

Answer 19

onshore
nearshore
offshore

Question 20

3 critical rules of change management

Answer 20

1. involve the target
2. explain why
3. provide help during transition