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Classic/Relevant Treatments > Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Absence Seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute Gout Attack

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Colchicine
Glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (M3)

Cancer of White Blood cells

A

All-Trans Retinoic Acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate
CBT
Atomoxetine

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5
Q

Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram
Acamprosate
Naltrexone
Supportive Care

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6
Q

Alcohol Withdrawl

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

Nutrition
Psychotherapy
Mirtazapine

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8
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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9
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB anti-arrhythmic

lidocaine or mexiletine

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10
Q

B12 Deficiency

A
  1. Vitamin B12 Supplementation

2. Workup cause with Schilling Test

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11
Q

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

A
  1. alpha-1 antagonists
  2. 5 alpha reductase inhibitors
  3. PDE-5 Inhibitors
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12
Q

Bipolar Disorders

A
  1. Mood Stabilizers (e.g. Lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine)
  2. Atypical Antipsychotics
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13
Q

Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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14
Q

Buerger Disease (recurring progressive inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) of small and medium arteries and veins of the hands and feet)

A

Smoking Cessation

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15
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A

Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (Anti-depressant)

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16
Q

Candida Albicans

A
  1. Topical Azoles (Vaginitis)
    Nystatin
    Fluconazole
    Caspofungin
  2. Oral/Esophageal
    Fluconazole
    Caspofungin
    Amphotericin B (Systemic)
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17
Q

Carcinoid Syndrome (A slow-growing cancerous tumor that can grow in several places throughout the body.)

A

Octreotide

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18
Q

Chlamydia Trachomatis (is an organism responsible for the most prevalent STD in the United States, is one of four bacterial species in the genus Chlamydia)

A

Doxycycline ( and Ceftriaxone for gonorrhea co-infection)

Erythromycin eye drops (Prophylaxis in Infants)

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19
Q

Chronic Gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors

e.g. allopurinol and febuxostat

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20
Q

Chronic Hepatitis B or C

A

IFN-Alpha (HBV and HCV):
Ribavirin
Simeprevir
Sofosbuvir

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21
Q

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (A slowly progressing and uncommon type of blood-cell cancer that begins in the bone marrow.)

A

Imatinib

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22
Q

Clostridium Botulinum

A

Antitoxin

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23
Q

Clostridium Difficile

A
  1. Oral metronidazole

2. If refractory then Oral Vancomycin

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24
Q

CMV (Cytomegalovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales)

A
  1. Ganciclovir
  2. Foscarnet
  3. Cidofovir
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25
Q

Crohn’s Disease (A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract.)

A
  1. Corticosteroids
  2. Infliximab
  3. Azathioprine
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26
Q

Cryptococcus Neoformans (Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast and an obligate aerobe that can live in both plants and animals)

A

Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

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27
Q

Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis (defined by lower urinary tract symptoms that include dysuria, hematuria, and hemorrhage)

A

Mesna (Mesna is an organosulfur compound used as an adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy)

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28
Q

Depression

A

Selective Serotonin Re-uptake inhibitors (first-line)

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29
Q

Diabetes Insipidus (A disorder of salt and water metabolism marked by intense thirst and heavy urination.)

A
  1. Desmopressin;
    - hydrochlorothiazide
    - indomethacin
    - amiloride (nephrogenic)
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30
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

A

Dietary intervention (low carbohydrates) + Insulin Replacement

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31
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

A

Dietary intervention
Oral Hypoglycemics
Insulin (if Refractory)

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32
Q

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A

Fluids
Insulin
K+

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33
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin

Aminopenicillins/Cephalosporins

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34
Q

Erectile Dysfunction

A
  1. Sildenafil
  2. Tadalafil
  3. Vardenafil
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35
Q

ER + Breast Cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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36
Q

Ethylene Glycol/Methanol Intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

37
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

38
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A
  1. SSRIs
  2. Serotonin-Norepinephrine Re-uptake inhibitors SNRI (First Line)
  3. Buspirone (Second-Line)
39
Q

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener)

A

Cyclophosphamide

Corticosteroids

40
Q

Heparin Reversal

A

Protamine Sulfate

41
Q

HER2/neu + Breast Cancer

A

Trastuzumab

42
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

43
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (First-Line)

44
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

45
Q

Immediate Anticoagulation

A

Heparin

46
Q

Infertility

A
  1. Leuprolide
  2. GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone) Pulsatile
  3. Clomiphene
47
Q

Influenza

A
  1. Oseltamivir

2. Zanamivir

48
Q

Kawasaki Disease

A
  1. IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin)

2. High-Dose Aspirin

49
Q

Legionella Pneumophila

A

Macrolides (e.g. azithromycin)

50
Q

Long-Term Antigoagulation

A
  1. Warfarin
  2. Diabigatran
  3. Rivaroxaban
  4. Apixaban
51
Q

Malaria

A
  1. Chloroquine
  2. Mefloquine
  3. Atovaguone/proguanil (For Blood Schizont)
  4. Primaquine (For liver hypnozinte)
52
Q

Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

53
Q

Medical Abortion

A

Mifepristone

54
Q

Migraine

A

Abortive Therapies : (e.g. Sumatriptan, NSAIDs)

Prophylaxis: (e.g. Propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

55
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A
  1. Disease-Modifying Therapies
    (e. g. Beta Interferon, Natalizumab)
  2. For Acute Flares use IV Steroids
56
Q

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

A

RIPE: (Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol)

57
Q

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. Trachomatis)

58
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/Ceftriaxone and rifampin (prophylaxis)

59
Q

Neural Tube Defect Prevention

A

Prenatal Folic Acid

60
Q

Osteomalacia/Rickets

A

Vitamin D Supplementation

61
Q

Osteoporosis

A 
Calcium/Vitamin D Supplemenation
Prophylaxis:
1. Bisphosphonates
2. PTH analogs
3. SERMs (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators)
4. Cacitonin
5. Denosumab
62
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosis

A

Close with indomethacin

Open or Maintain with PGE analogs

63
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

Alpha Antagonists (e.g. phenoxybenzamine)

64
Q

Pneumocystis Jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (Sulfamethoxazole / Trimethoprim) ( Prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

65
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

66
Q

Prostate Adenocarcinoma/Uterine Fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

67
Q

Psuedomonas Aeruginosa

A
  1. Antipseudomonal Penicillins
  2. Aminoclycosides
  3. carbapenems
68
Q

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic - arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown.)

A
  1. Sildenafil
  2. Bosentan
  3. Epoprostenol
69
Q

Rickettsia Rickettsii

A
  1. Doxycycline

2. Choloramphenicol

70
Q

Schizophrenia (Negative Symptoms)

A

Atypical Antipsychotics

71
Q

Schizophrenia (Positive Symptoms)

A

Typcial and Atypcial Antipsychotics

72
Q

SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic hormone secretion)

A
  1. Fluid Restriction
  2. IV Hypertonic Saline
  3. Conivaptan/Tolvaptan
  4. Demeclocycline
73
Q

Sickle Cell Disease

A

Hydroxyurea (Increased Fetal Hemoglobin)

74
Q

Sporothyrix Schenckii

A
  1. Itraconazole

2. Oral Potassium Iodide

75
Q

Stable Angina

A

Sublingual Nitroglycerin

76
Q

Staphylococcus Aureus

A 
MSSA (methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus):
- Nafcillin
- Oxacillin
- Dicloxacillin
MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus):
- Vancomycin
- Daptomycin
- Linezolid
- Ceftaroline
77
Q

Streptococcus Bovis

A
  1. Penicillin Prophylaxis

2. Evaluation for Colon Cancer if linked to endocarditis

78
Q

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

A
  1. Penicillin/Cefelasporin (Systemic infection, pneumonia)

2. Vancomycin (meningitis)

79
Q

Streptococcus Pyogenes

A

Penicillin Prophylaxis

80
Q

Temporal Arteritis

A

High-dose Steroids

81
Q

Tonic-Clonic Seizures

A
  1. Levetiracetam
  2. Phenytoin
  3. Valproate
  4. Carbamazepine
82
Q

Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + Pyrimethamine

83
Q

Treponema Pallidum

A

Penicillin

84
Q

Trichomonas Vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

85
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

Carbamazepine

86
Q

Ulcerative Colitis (Mayar Baraka)

A
  1. 5-ASA Preparations (e.g. mesalamine)
  2. 6-mercaptopurine
  3. Infliximab
  4. Colectomy
87
Q

UTI Prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX (Sulfamethoxazole / Trimethoprim)

88
Q

Warfarin Reversal

A 
Fresh Frozen Plasma (acute)
Vitamin K (chronic)

Classic/Relevant Treatments (1 decks)

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