Clinical Nutrition

Question 1

When should assisted feeding begin?

Answer 1

If not eating after 72 hours, 10% or more body weight is lost, or condition is declining

Question 2

What are the 3 types of assisted feeding?

Answer 2

Manual, enteral and parenteral

Question 3

Which assisted feeding method is the safest?

Answer 3

Manual

Question 4

How much food must a patient voluntarily intake if manually feeding?

Answer 4

85%

Question 5

Where does the majority of absorption take place?

Answer 5

Duodenum and jejunum

Question 6

How long does a nasoesophageal tube stay in?

Answer 6

1-3 weeks

Question 7

How long does a nasogastric tube stay in?

Answer 7

1-3 weeks

Question 8

What must be done before and after each tube feeding?

Answer 8

Bolus water

Question 9

What are contraindications for NE and NG?

Answer 9

Epistaxis, irritation causing sneezing, coughing. Premature dislodgement, upper airway disease, severe vomiting

Question 10

Which tubes requires surgical placement?

Answer 10

E-tube

Question 11

Which tubes are for long term use?

Answer 11

E tubes and G tubes

Question 12

Which tube can only be used for a few days in the hopsital?

Answer 12

J tubes

Question 13

How long can a G tube stay in for?

Answer 13

Months to years

Question 14

How long can an E tube stay in for?

Answer 14

Weeks to months

Question 15

What are E tube complications?

Answer 15

Vomiting, skin infections, dislodgement, clogged, coughing

Question 16

What are G tube complications?

Answer 16

Peritonitis, gastric outflow, obstruction, vomiting, clogging, skin irritation, dislodgement

Question 17

What are J tube complications?

Answer 17

Peritonitis, cellulitis, skin irritation, dislodgement

Question 18

How long must J tubes stay in for to allow adhesions to form?

Answer 18

5 days

Question 19

What are other uses for feeding tubes?

Answer 19

Giving medications, aspiration of the stomach.

Question 20

What are the larger diameter tubes?

Answer 20

E tubes and G tubes

Question 21

How much food should I feed during critical care?

Answer 21

RER * 0.5 on day 1, then increase to 66% day 2, then 100% RER on day 3

Question 22

Refeeding syndrome is common in which cases?

Answer 22

Cats that get fatty liver disease and starved patients

Question 23

When is parenteral feeding indicated?

Answer 23

Diffuse intestinal disease, nonfunctional GI tract, risk for aspiration bc not neurologically sound, unable to be sedated for feeding tube placement.

Question 24

What requirements must be met before giving parenteral nutrition?

Answer 24

Stable fluids and electrolytes, and can tolerate IV fluids

Question 25

How is TPN provided?

Answer 25

Through a central line (jugular) catheter

Question 26

How often should the catheter site be checked?

Answer 26

Every 4-6 hours

Question 27

What must be done during a PPN (using a peripheral catheter) before giving IV nutrition?

Answer 27

Fluids must be diluted to avoid thrombophlebitis

Question 28

How much weight should an obese patient lose per week?

Answer 28

1-2%