CNS

Question 1

Benzodiazepines

Answer 1

• Anti-anxiety
• Siffixes: -zolam and -zepam
• Antidote: Flumazenil
• AE: Resp arrest
• Not longer d/t dependence
• Take at NOC and taper

Question 2

TCAs

Answer 2

• Antidepressants
• Suffixes: -triptyline and -pramine
• Wait 14 days after MAOIs to start

Question 3

SNRIs and DNRIs

Answer 3

Antidepressants

• Ex: Bupropion and duloxetine
• Not with TCAs or MAOIs

Question 4

MAOIs

Answer 4

Antidepressants

• Tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid, phenelzine
• Not with SSRIs or TCAs
• Restrist tyramine d/t HTN crisis potential (aged cheese, fermented meats and liver, over-ripe fruit, sour cream and yogurt)

Question 5

Lithium

Answer 5

Mood stabilizer
> 1.5 =Toxic
-monitor therapeutic range every couple months
-SEs: Drowsiness, weight gain, dry mouth

• tremor is seen with Lithium toxicity

Question 6

Buspirone

Answer 6

• Anti- anxiety and nonbenzo
• Slow onset
• No CNS depression

Question 7

Phenytoin

Answer 7

Anticonvulsant

• 10-20 therapeutic
• SE: gingival hyperplasia
• Hypersensitivity: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (painful rash/ flu symptoms)
• Taper off to prevent status epilepticus
• gait disturbances (ataxia) is coomoy
  Seen w/ phenytoin toxicity

Question 8

Valproic Acid

Answer 8

• Anticonvulsant/vasc HA suppressant
• Tx: epilepsy, migraines, HA, mania
• Therapeutic 50-100
• AE: Hepatotoxicity and Prolonged bleeding time
• Taper for seizure risk

Question 9

Serotonin 5-HT Receptor Agonists

Answer 9

Serotonin agonists

• Migraines and HA
• Suffix: -Triptan
• Not if Cad or uncontrolled HTN

Question 10

Haloperidol

Answer 10

• Typical antipsychotic
• Decrease schizo positive symptoms
• Risk Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 11

Risperidone

Answer 11

• Atypical antipsychotic
• Diminish schizo symptoms
• NMS risk!
• Increase BS, LDL, Triglycerides

Question 12

Clozapine

Answer 12

• Atypical Antipsychotic
• Diminish schizo symptoms
• NMS risk
• Increase infection risk

Question 13

Ziprasidone

Answer 13

• Atypical antipsychotic
• NMS risk
• Risk prolonged QT

Question 14

-Methylphenidate

Answer 14

CNS stimulant

• ADHD and narcolepsy
• SE: loss app, delayed growth and dev, dry mouth, increase HR/BP

Question 15

Carbidopa/Levodopa

Answer 15

Dopaminergic

• Parkinsons
• MAy cause dark saliva, urine or sweat
• Disease management
• NO MAO d/t risk HTN crisis

Question 16

Opioids

Answer 16

• Analgesics
• Suffix: -done or -one
• Antidote: naloxone (narcan)
• Risk respiratory depression stop if RR <12

Question 17

NSAIDs

Answer 17

• Analgesic
• 0Suffix: -profen or -olac
• Report GI bleeding
• No BB, aspirin, or NSAIDs for asthma d/t bronchospasm

Question 18

Acetaminophen

Answer 18

Analgesic

• Antidote: Acetylsysteine
• Hepatotoxic
• Limit dose to 1000-2000 mg/day

Question 19

Aspirin

Answer 19

• Analgesic
• AntiPLT
• Antidote: Sodium bicarbonate
• Bleeding risk
• reyes syndrome in meds recovering from viral illness

Question 20

Mannitol

Answer 20

• Osmotic diuretic
• Reduces IOP and ICP
• Risk FVO
• Must be given IV and warmed
• NO if severe renal disease, Dehydration, intrcanial bleeding, severe pulmonary edema, cardiac failue