Cognition

Question 0

Concepts

Answer 0

Mental groupings of similar objects events ideas people; organized into hierarchy

Question 1

Cognition

Answer 1

Thinking; refers to all the mental derivatives associated with thinking

Question 2

Prototype

Answer 2

A mental image or best example that incorporates all the features we associate with a category

Question 3

Algorithm

Answer 3

Step-by-step procedures that guarantee a solution;

advantage: solution is guaranteed; disadvantage: time consuming

Question 4

Heuristic

Answer 4

A simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently
Advantage: speedy
Disadvantage: prone to mistakes

Question 5

Insight

Answer 5

A sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with the strategy based solutions (a ha moment

Question 6

Creativity

Answer 6

The ability to produce ideas that are both novel and valuable

Question 7

Convergent thinking

Answer 7

Developing single answer that is correct(Intelligence tests)

Question 8

Divergent thinking

Answer 8

Develop many correct answers and novel ideas (creativity test)

Question 9

Novel

Answer 9

New

Question 10

Five components of creative

Answer 10

Expertise, imaginative thinking skills, venture some personality, interested motivation, creative environment.

Question 11

Expertise

Answer 11

A well-developed base of knowledge furnishes the idea, images, and phrases we use as mental building blocks

Question 12

Imaginative thinking skills

Answer 12

Provide the ability to see things in novel ways, to recognize patterns, and to make connections

Question 13

Venture some personality

Answer 13

Seeks new experiences, tolerate ambiguity and risk, and perseveres in overcoming obstacles

Question 14

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 14

Is being driven more by interest, satisfaction, and challenge rather than external pressures

Question 15

Creative environment

Answer 15

Sparks, supports, and refines creative ideas

Question 16

Belief perseverance

Answer 16

The tendency to cling to one’s initial belief even after receiving new info that contradicts or disconfirms the basis of that belief

Question 17

Representativeness heuristic

Answer 17

A mental short cut where we judge how likely it is an event will occur based on our existing prototypes; when you assume your mom will buy pizza because she buys it every two weeks

Question 18

Overconfidence

Answer 18

A person subjective confidence is greater than their objective accuracy

Question 19

Availability heuristic

Answer 19

mental shortcut that occurs when people make judgments about the probability of events by how easy it is to think of examples.

Question 20

Confirmation bias

Answer 20

A tendency for people to favor information that confirms their preconceptions are hypotheses regardless of whether the info is true

Question 21

Fixation

Answer 21

The inability to see a problem from you perspective

Question 22

Mental set

Answer 22

A tendency to approach situations in a certain way because that method works in the past

Question 23

Functional fixedness

Answer 23

The ability to realize that something known to have a particular use may also be used to perform other functions

Question 24

Framing

Answer 24

Framing suggests that the matter of which something is presented has an impact on choices people make

Question 25

Language

Answer 25

A system that has a clear hierarchical structure and allows mutually intelligible communication within a group of speakers

Question 26

Phonemes

Answer 26

(Sounds) A separable unit of sound that serves as a building block of spoken language

Question 27

morpheme

Answer 27

(Meaning) The smallest units that carry meaning

Umpires –> umpire (-s)

Question 28

grammar

Answer 28

A system of rules and principles for speaking and writing a language

Question 29

Semantics

Answer 29

Meanings of words and sentences

Question 30

Syntax

Answer 30

Rules for combining words into sentences