Cold War

Question 1

Containment

Answer 1

stated that communism needed to be contained and isolated, or it would spread to neighboring countries/ The US’s attempt to stop the spread of communism through economic and military measures.

Question 2

Truman Doctrine

Answer 2

Policy by Truman which stated that the US would give aid to any country threatened by communism

Question 3

Marshall Plan

Answer 3

the American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II in order to prevent the spread of Soviet Communism.

Question 4

Berlin and Blockade & Airlift

Answer 4

Joseph stalin’s cutting off of all land and river transit between West Berlin and West Germany to limit the ability of France, Great Britain and the United States to travel to their sectors of Berlin, which lay within Russian-occupied East Germany. The US and Britain, the counter the blockade with a massive airlift during which thousands of supplies were flown in every day.

Question 5

NATO

Answer 5

the first peacetime military alliance the United States entered into outside of the Western Hemisphere. Their main purpose was to assist in providing protection against the Soviet Union

Question 6

Warsaw Pact

Answer 6

a military alliance between Communist countries in East Europe to counter the threat of Capitalism in Europe

Question 7

Korean War

Answer 7

The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea

Question 8

Kim II-Sung

Answer 8

communist dictator of North Korea

Question 9

Douglas MacArthur

Answer 9

General Douglas MacArthur was Commander-in-Chief of the United Nations Army was initially successful in driving back the North Korean forces over the 38th parallel

Question 10

Syngman Rhee

Answer 10

Korean leader who became president of South Korea after World War II and led Korea during Korean War

Question 11

Mao Zedong

Answer 11

led communist forces in China through a long revolution and ruled the nation’s communist government in 1949. Considered one of the most significant communist figures of the Cold War

Question 12

De-stalinization

Answer 12

the policy, of eradicating the memory or influence of Stalin and Stalinism, as by alteration of governmental policies or the elimination of monuments, placenames, etc., named for Stalin. Done by Nikita Khrushchev.

Question 13

Nikita Khrushchev

Answer 13

led the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War, he also denounced policies of Stalin, announced the crimes against Soviet people committed by Stalin, and called for destalinization

Question 14

Peaceful Coexistence

Answer 14

a situation in which the United States and Soviet Union would compromise and continue to compete economically and politically without launching a thermonuclear war

Question 15

Berlin Wall

Answer 15

Wall build by East Germany (Soviet Union) to divide the city of Berlin into a east and west side controlled by the Soviet Union (east) and United States (west). Communism.

Question 16

John F Kennedy

Answer 16

The 35th president of the United States

Question 17

Sputnik

Answer 17

The worlds first artificial satellite is created by the Soviet Union & launched in to space. Starts the Space Race.

Question 18

Fidel Castro

Answer 18

leader of Cuba who came to power threw a government overthrown in 1959. He nationalized industry and made Cuba Marxist and sought firmer ties with the Soviets after the Bay of Pigs invasion. He was involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Question 19

Cuban Revolution

Answer 19

a successful military and political effort to overthrow the government of Cuba led by Fidel Castro against the government of Fulgencio Batista. They nationalized industry after coming to power.

Question 20

MAD

Answer 20

The threat of Mutual Assured Destruction This theory assumed that each superpower had enough nuclear weaponry to destroy the other. If one superpower attempted a first strike on the other, they themselves would also be destroyed.

Question 21

Vietnam War

Answer 21

The Vietnam War was the prolonged struggle between communist forces ( Soviet Union, China, and other communist states) attempting to unify the country of Vietnam under a communist government and the United States (and other anti-communist allies.) attempting to prevent the spread of communism

Question 22

Domino Theory

Answer 22

A foreign policy during that states if one one land in a region came under the influence of communism, then surrounding countreis would follow

Question 23

Ho Chi Min

Answer 23

Took control of North Vietnam after World War II. He became the public face of Vietnamese independence, influential communist leader. he embraced Leninism because it offered a “path to liberation” for the Vietnamese people

Question 24

Viet Cong

Answer 24

the guerrilla force that, with the support of the North Vietnamese Army, fought against South Vietnam and the United States

Question 25

French Indochina war

Answer 25

A war fought by France after the withdrawal of the Japanese from Vietnam after WWII to try to get its former colony back. France lost.

Question 26

Dien Bien Phu

Answer 26

A decisive defeat of France in the French Indochina War in 1954.

Question 27

Gulf of Tonkin incident

Answer 27

two U.S. destroyers stationed in the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam were torpedoed by North Vietnamese forces. In response, President Lyndon B. Johnson requested permission from the U.S. Congress to increase the U.S. military presence in Indochina.

Question 28

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Answer 28

A resolution that gave the president the legal basis to send combat troops to Vietnam without declaring war.

Question 29

Ho Chi Minh Trail

Answer 29

A communist supply line to South Vietnam through Laos and Cambodia. Cause North Vietnam needed to get supplies and troops to South
Vietnam.

Question 30

Operation rolling thunder

Answer 30

Operation Rolling Thunder was a aerial bombardment campaign of America’s power during the Vietnam War. It was started in an effort to dishearten the North Vietnamese people and to undermine the capacity of the government

Question 31

Agent Orange

Answer 31

Agent Orange was a powerful mixture of chemical defoliants used by U.S. military forces during the Vietnam War to eliminate forest cover for North Vietnamese and Viet Cong troops, as well as crops that might be used to feed them

Question 32

TET offensive

Answer 32

A coordinated series of North Vietnamese attacks on more than 100 cities and outposts in South Vietnam. It was an attempt to forment rebellion among the South Vietnamese population and encourage the United States to scale back it’s involvement in the Vietnam war

Question 33

Lynden B Johnson

Answer 33

An American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States after the assassination of John F. Kennedy

Question 34

Vietnamization

Answer 34

An attempt by the US to hand off fighting to South Vietnam. The US would continue providing them with air and naval support but withdraw their troops. It failed.

Question 35

Richard M Nixon

Answer 35

The 37th president of the United States

Question 36

Détente

Answer 36

The easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries

Question 37

Ronald Reagan

Answer 37

The US president who aimed to confront the Soviet Union. In his 3 years in office, the defense budget was increased by 40% and he attempted to create the Strategic Defense Initiative (“Star Wars”). He also intervened in Latin American in Nicaragua and Grenada. Regan Doctrine was based on the deliberate use of US military and economic power to stop the spread of communism in Latin America.

Question 38

Mikhail Gorbachev

Answer 38

first Soviet leader born after the revolution. He attempted to reform the Soviet Union within the communist system using Glasnost and Perestroika. He also ended the arms race due to the USSR being unable to afford to continue it by having the Soviets withdraw from Afghanistan and enacting a unilateral reduction in the Soviet armed forces.

Question 39

Glasnost

Answer 39

Means openness. Allowed more freedom of religion and speech in Soviet Union and satellite nations, enabling people to discuss politics openly

Question 40

Perestroika

Answer 40

Means restructuring or change. Allowed some private enterprise and profit-making USSR after 1985. Instituted by Gorbachev (the Soviet leader)

Question 41

Boris Yeltsin

Answer 41

The president of Russia. He favoured a faster rate of change, moved immediately to a free-market system and emphasized his position as elected president vs. Gorbachev who was selected. He took a stand during the August 1991 revolution and thus became viewed as the real leader in the people’s eyes.

Question 42

Moscow Coup

Answer 42

was a failed attempt by hardliners of the Soviet Union’s Communist Party to forcibly seize control of the country from Mikhail Gorbachev, who was Soviet President and General Secretary of the Communist Party at the time