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From Flashcardlet > Cold Weather Ops > Flashcards

Cold Weather Ops Flashcards

1
Q

Should you chip ice from the airframe?

A

No, use Type 1 deice fluid

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2
Q

What is a “cold-soaking” tip tank?

A

When descending from high altitudes, ice can develop on the tip tank skin as fuel remains cold.

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3
Q

What are symptoms of TAIL STALL?

A
  1. Lightening of the controls
  2. Difficulty trimming
  3. Pitch excursions

Usually noticed after flap extension as tail AOA has increased

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4
Q

What are SLDs?

A

Supercooled Liquid Droplets:

Larger droplets than aircraft certified for.
Accumulates beyond de-ice systems.

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5
Q

Under what conditions can icing occur?

A

+2C - -20C plus visible moisture

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6
Q

When departing in <20C…

A

crew must review and/or brief cold weather engine ops, taxi, TO, landing procedures, icing and deicing procedures

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7
Q

What additional 3 pre-flight checks must be done in cold weather ops?

A
  1. Check airframe for ice or frost, deice if present
  2. Check tire pressure
  3. Visually check deice boots
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8
Q

What are the 6 de-ice systems that must be checked on the ground?

A
  1. Pitot heat
  2. Valve heat
  3. Prop de-ice
  4. Windshield heat
  5. De-ice botts (NG >70%)
  6. Intake Deflectors (Ng >80%)
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9
Q

Do not spray de-ice fluid…

A
  1. Into flight control hinges
  2. Directly on windows
  3. In pitot/static ports
  4. Directly on stall warning tabs
  5. With engines on (if must bleeds off)
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10
Q

What type of ANTI-ice fluid is only to be used and why?

A

Type III, because it sheds below Vr at 30kts

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11
Q

How do you apply de/anti-ice fluid

A

Parallel to surfaces identical to the slipstream. Try to avoid the bleed air heat exchanger vent on the top of aircraft.

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12
Q

Why do you push props forward during start if OAT <10C?

A

This engages the FCU to properly meter fuel at low Ng. Feathering engages an idler jet which can lead to a lean mixture in cold air.

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13
Q

What is a concern during cold weather?

A

Possible temperature inversion at altitude which can fog up the windshield. Turn on windshield heat if suspected.

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14
Q

What is hazardous about approaches after icing conditions?

A

De-ice system can only assist on the leading edges. Assume every post-icing approach is one with heavy airframe icing.

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15
Q

When should intake deflectors be used?

A

In snow or icing conditions.

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16
Q

What to the tailplane boot lights indicate?

A

Only that sufficient pressure is being supplied to the boots.

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17
Q

Taking off in cold fog you should…

A

Turn on pitot and valve heat during takeoff

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18
Q

De-ice systems to turn on before entering icing conditions…(3)

A
  1. Prop Deice
  2. Windshield heat
  3. Intake Deflectors
19
Q

De-ice systems to turn on after ice accumulation…(3)

A
  1. Bleeds ON
  2. De-ice boots AUTO
  3. Rate FAST
20
Q

What shall you do if airspeed reduces by 20kts in icing? (3)

A
  1. Climb or Descend immediately
  2. Notify ATC (declare emergency if necessary)
  3. Avoid flaps until approach (10 flaps only)
21
Q

What 6 items need to be completed for flight into severe icing?

A
  1. Autopilot OFF
  2. IGNITERS Manual
  3. Intake Deflectors EXTEND
  4. Props MAX rpm
  5. Max power > 125 kts
  6. All de-icing equiptment ON
22
Q

What is the definition of Severe icing conditions? (4)

A
  1. Accretion aft of de-ice surfaces
  2. Accretion on aft part of spinner
  3. Accretion on side windows
  4. Airspeed loss of 10kts or more
23
Q

Concerning Ng, what should be done in icing conditions?

A

Ng as high as possible to supply ample bleed air pressure.

24
Q

After icing conditions, what must be completed before flap extension?

A

Cycle de-ice boots three times before flap extension

25
Q

What types of icing is the Otter certified for?

A

Trace - Light - Moderate Icing only

26
Q

De-ice systems to turn on with <5C and visible moisture…(4)

A
  1. Pitot heat
  2. Intake Deflectors
  3. Valve heat
  4. Bleed air switches
27
Q

During an instrument approach in icing conditions, what modifications to the approach should you consider? (2)

A
  1. Stay on top until GS intercept

2. Do not accept intermediate step downs

28
Q

What are the conditions associated with Wing Stall? (2)

A
  1. High AOA

2. Low Airspeed

29
Q

What are the conditions associated with Tailplane Stall? (2)

A
  1. Low AOA

2. Flaps are down

30
Q

What is the recovery procedure for Tailplane Stall? (3)

A
  1. Pull BACK on the yoke
  2. Raise the FLAPS
  3. Reduce power (especially on high wing aircraft)
31
Q

What will the boots do when Bleed air is ON and flaps are extended between 5-12 degrees?

A

Horizontal stab boots will pulse twice

32
Q

What will the boots do when Bleed air is ON and flaps are extended more than 17 degrees?

A

Horizontal stab boots will pulse and additional two times

33
Q

How should the approach speed be altered after icing?

A

Increase approach speeds by 5kts but no more else TAIL STALL!!

34
Q

Additional preflight checks in cold weather… (3)

A
  1. Surface clear of ice/frost
  2. Tire pressure adequate
  3. Inspect condition of Boots
35
Q

In cold wx conditions what should be included in takeoff brief?

A

Icing procedures

36
Q

What is the remedy for fogged windows on ground?

A

Use the fans to defrost rather than windshield heat

37
Q

How should you exit severe icing?

A
  1. Climb or Descend

2. Make a 180 degree turn

38
Q

What part of the cloud has the worst icing?

A

The tops, that is why always better to descend

39
Q

You hear ice hitting airframe from props, what intensity of icing?

A

Moderate

40
Q

What are the Icing Safety outlets? (5)

A
  1. Climb (if you can outclimb cloud)
  2. Descend (if you can get warmer than Frz lvl)
  3. Continue (if exiting cloud soon)
  4. Divert (if worsening)
  5. Return (if worse than briefed)
41
Q

What type of precip should exit IMMEDIATELY?

A

FREEZING RAIN/DRIZZLE

42
Q

What is important to remember about planning to use the de-icing equipment through known icing?

A

De-icing systems are a defense to buy more time.

Never intentionally plan a route through icing

Always plan an out

43
Q

What 5 things should you ask a briefer prior to flying a route into icing conditions?

A
  1. Ceilings
  2. Cloud tops
  3. Freezing level
  4. PIREPS
  5. Frontal Activity

From Flashcardlet (17 decks)

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