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Collecting & Connoisseurship > Collecting and Connoisseurship > Flashcards

Collecting and Connoisseurship Flashcards

1
Q

Centennial Exhibition

A

1876, Philadelphia

reconsideration of American heritage

exhibitions as drivers of taste

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2
Q

Hudson-Fulton Celebration

A

Metropolitan Museum of Art

1909

Eugune Bolles

utilitarian objects, American craftmanship

colonial art exhibited for the first time

important enough to be in museum

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3
Q

Euguene Bolles Collection

A

funeral spool, NY, 1688

Searle Chest, Ipswich, MA, 1660 - 1680

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4
Q

Alphonso T. Clearwater

A

early colonial silver collector

NY beaker, 1683

NY tankard, 1700

wanted objects in museum for artisan/artist inspiration

museum as teaching tool

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5
Q

Period Rooms

A

Thomas Hart Room, Ipswhich, 1680

John Hewlett Room, paneling, 1740 - 1760, first period room donated the Met

Powell House Room, Philadelphia, 1760s

fictional setting, different objects brought together for ideal setting

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6
Q

Period Town

A

Williamsburg, VA

John D. Rockefeller

Dr. William Goodwin

preservation

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7
Q

Jeffrey Trask, “Things American: Art Museums and Civic Culture in the Progressive Era”

A

transformation of material culture from masterpieces to everyday objects

American Wing legitimate American decorative arts, established art historical credibility

fictional rooms to create elite past to influence future

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8
Q

Addresses on the Occasion of the Opening of the American Wing

A

Robert W. de Forest, Grosvenor Atterbury, Elihu Root

distinct place in museum for American art

elevate American art and create and American ideal

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9
Q

Charles Willson Peale’s Museum

A

1784 - displays work in home

1794 - Philosophical Hall, Philadelphia

1801 - excavation of the mastadon (painting 1806-08)

1821 - museum become incorporated

1822 - the artist in his museum

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10
Q

John Trumbull & Picture Gallery at Yale

A

designed by Trumbull

1831 - 1832

neoclassical architecture, skylights

only two rooms

memorialization, buried on sight

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11
Q
A

John Trumbull, Declaration of Independence, 1832

Yale University Art Gallery

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12
Q

Wadsworth Antheneum

A

1842 - 1844

first civic art museum

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13
Q
A

John Vanderlyn, Death of Jane McCrea, 1804

Wadsworth Antheneum

Hartford, CT

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14
Q

New York Historical Society

A

1804

founded as historical society not art repository

Luman Reed collection

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15
Q
A

Thomas Cole

Course of Empire

Consummation & Destruction

1836

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16
Q

Metropolitan Museum of Art

A

1869

first committee from Union League Club

27 founding members including artists

founding principle to educate public later shifted to masterpiece collecting emphasized by JP Morgan

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17
Q

American Academy of Fine Arts

A

Founded 1802

John Trumbull President 1817

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18
Q

National Academy of Design

A

1827 start exhibitions in Arcade Baths Building

No permanent space

1865 commissions building

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19
Q

William T. Blotchik

A

goes to Europe summer of 1870

targeted by Belgium dealers

buys art for the Met

spends about $100,000 on “Heart of the Andes”

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20
Q
A

Jacob Jordaens

The Holy Family with Saint Anne and Young Baptist and his Parents

1620s and 1650s

part of the founding collection at th eMet

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21
Q
A

First building of the Metropolitan

1880

designed by Calvert Vaux and Jacob Wrey Mould

Central park - urbanization

South Kensington architecture and model of education

Ruskinian Gothic (red brick)

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22
Q

Joseph Choate

A

speech at the opening of the Met

patronage of museum, fundraising

money doesnt last, art lasts forever

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23
Q
A

Hiram Powers

California

1850 - 1855

Astor donated first example of American sculture

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24
Q
A

Richard Morris Hunt

East Wing Facade

Metropolitan Museum of Art

1895

beaux art architecture associated with the Louvre

shift in purpose - collect masterpieces

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25
Q

J. Pierpont Morgan

A

President of the board

Vet gifts, set standards for acquisitions

shift in purpose of museum to collect masterpieces

not collecting American art

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26
Q
A

Raphael

Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints

1504

donated to Met by JP Morgan’s son

couldnt donate all his works bc wealth tied up in art collection, son inherited

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27
Q

George A. Hearn

A

donates fund of $150,000 to enable Met to collect American Art

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28
Q

Annual Report of Trustees, Metropolitan

A

1905

gift v. purchase

will not go out and buy American art

encourage American collectors to donate their works

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29
Q

Boston Anthenaeum

A

1827

annual exhibitions

expose citizens to art to create standard of taste

educate working class/designers for positive effect on design

practical lessons of training artisans

James Perkins

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30
Q

James Perkins

A

gives house to Boston Anthenaeum

built art gallery and lecture hall in extension of his house

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31
Q

Museum of Fine Art, Boston

A

1870

role of education, practical impact on designers/working class

positive impact on industrial production

Copley Square

no money (difference from Met)

best collection of casts

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32
Q
A

Museum of Fine Arts

Copley Square, Boston

1876

Sturgis and Brigham

Ruskinian Gothic architecture like Met

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33
Q
A

Gustave Courbet

The Quarry

1856

museum spent funds on painting

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34
Q
A

Frederick Ulhmsted

Fenway Boston museum

connected museum to park and civilized leisure

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35
Q

Martin Brimmer, “The Museum of Fine Arts” American Architect and Building, 1880

A

museum as place to critique and evaluate

place of objects in museum and how museum responds to changing taste over time

cave to popular taste or hold on to works?

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36
Q

Committee on the Museum (MFA)

A

1883

how do you grow museum with limited funds

invest in casts, acceptable bc teach

court individuals with collection to be donated

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37
Q

Edward Silvester Morse

A

scientist who went to Japan to study bracchiopads

became fascinated with Japanese pottery

recorded them in scientific way

became early curator

MFA acquires his collection in 1892

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38
Q

Matthew Prichard, “Current Theories of Arrangement of Fine Arts” 1903

A

argument on new function of museums

art schools place to train artists not museums

museums center of culture for everyone not just artists

shift in emphasis of education

education broader concept tied to appreciation of all things beautiful

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39
Q

Martha Codman

A

established Boston family, married younger Russian immigrant singer

collected colonial and federal

interested in all American cities not just Boston

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40
Q
A

Jean-Francois Millet

Young Shepherdess

1870

MFA interested in collecting french academy painting early on

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41
Q
A

Martin J. Heade

Passion Flowers and Hummingbirds

1870-1883

Martha Codman’s husband, Maxim Karolik, became avant garde collector

contemporary American

advised by MFAB curator Edwin Hipkiss to shape MFA collection and fill gaps

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42
Q

The American museum building boom

Date & Reason

A

1890 - 1937

city pride

individual collectors donating collection

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43
Q

How did museums relate to the urban fabric of the city?

A

urbanization - built around parks

Chicago - City Beautiful Movement

built in large spaces with room for expansion

target a broad audience

museum architecture - neoclassical, museum important enough to have same architecture of ancient civilizations

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44
Q

Albright-Knox Gallery

A

1905

supposed to open with the Pan American exhibition in 1901 but delayed

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45
Q

William Corcoran

A

Corcoran gallery opened 1869

private museum no government patronage

individual collection influence character of museum

“First Exhibition of Contemporary American Paintings” 1907

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46
Q

How did individual collectors/curators shape the character of the museum?

A

William Corcoran - Corcoran

Andrew Mellon - National Gallery

Edward Silverster Morse Morse Japanese Pottery collection

House Museums - private collections made public

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47
Q

Corcoran

A

1869

Washington, D.C.

William Corcoran

contemporary American

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48
Q

Pennsylvania Museum of Art

A

1877

Philadelphia

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49
Q

Art Institute of Chicago

A

1891 - 1893

Chicago

City beautiful movement

Charles Hutchinson - president of the board

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50
Q

Albright-Knox Gallery

A

1905

Buffalo, NY

John Albright gives money to found museum

condition it is in Delaware Park

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51
Q

St. Louis Art Museum

A

1904

Ives advocate of South Kensington

Cass Gilbert advocate of strictly fine arts

Gilbert wins as shown my Louvre type architecture

52
Q

Cleveland Museum of Art

A

1916

no starting collection

default to blockbuster exhibitions in meantime

wait for masterpieces

53
Q

National Gallery of Art

A

1937

Andrew Mellon

John Russell Pope - neoclassical architecture

54
Q

Benefit/advantage of university museum over municipal museum?

A

less pressure to display masterpieces

teaching institution don’t need masterpieces

belief educated/privileged students will dictate taste

55
Q

Charles Elliott Norton

A

first professor of art history in America

1870

Harvard Fogg museum

visual history of art developing into discipline of art history

56
Q

Oxford University

A

Ashmolean Museum

1841 - 1845

John Tradescant collection

university museums in England develop slower than in America

57
Q

Bowdoin College Museum of Art

A

James Bowdoin III gives money to start museum in 1803

friends with Trumbull who used Smibert’s studio

acquired Smibert works

Charles F. McKim, Walker Art Building, 1892 - 1894, looking to Rome

58
Q

Yale University Art Gallery

A

works donated before establishment of museum

Trumbull’s works/$1,000 annual stipend

1831 - 1832 Trumbull designed

James Jackson Jarves collection

1930 Garvan Collection of colonial/federal American

Louis Kahn addition 1953

59
Q

Vassar Museum

A

1864

Matthew Vasar

founded same time as university

museum considered part of education

60
Q

Fogg Museum of Art (2nd building)

A

Harvard

Charles Coolidge architect, 1929

training ground for young museum professionals

Forbes & Paul Sachs (1st to teach museum admin) raised funds

fits into exsisting architecture on outside

inside Italian neoclassical palazzo

61
Q

Isabella Stewart Gardner

A

most personalized museum

1903 Fenway house opens to public

Gardner dies in 1924

62
Q

William and Henry Walters

A

Baltimore, MD

father/son patronize American art

William dies 1876

William Adams Delano neoclassical architecture

opened 1909

Henry dies 1931 bequeathed to the city

63
Q

Henry Clay Frick

A

epitome of private collection made public

French contemporary 1895 - 1900

switches to Dutch, Flemish, British portraits

Carrere of Carrere and Hastings - architect

Knoedler - dealer

Duveen - helps furnish

1919 dies will makes collection public

64
Q

Arabella Huntington

A

San Marino, CA

Myron Hunt - architect

Duveen - dealer & interior, best of best, raises prices

Gainsborough, Blue Boy, 1770

Huntington dies 1924, trust to leave collection public

buried on site - memorialization

65
Q

Duncan Phillips

A

memorial collection to his brother

Contemporary art

collects artists in depth

Albert Pinkham Ryder, Moonlit Cove, 1880s

Renoir, Luncheon of Boating Party, 1880

Cezanne, Mont Saint-Victoire, 1886-7

66
Q

Maxim Karolik

A

Martha Codman’s husband

collected to fill gaps in MFAB collection

advised by curator

focused on lesser known artists

67
Q

Preservation of the collection in house museum

A

memorialization of the collector - buried on site

upon death trust to make collection public

individual works can’t travel, too closely tied to identity of the museum

68
Q

Museum of Modern Art

A

1929

Arthur B. Davies - plants seed

Rockefeller, Lillie P. Bliss, Mary Quinn Sullivan

A. Conger Goodyear - President

Alfred A. Barr - founding curator

European focused

Goodwin & stone building - 1939, center of the city

69
Q

Whitney Museum of Art

A

Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney & Juliana Force

1929 Met refuses Whitney’s collection so starts her own museum

American artists within past 15 years

first building, 8th street, 1942

refuses gifts and one artist shows

70
Q

Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney

A

associated/patron of 2 groups: Alfred Stieglitz & The Eight

Whitney studio on MacDougal Alley

8th street studio

Whitney Club 1918 - over 300 artists members

71
Q

South Kensington Model

A

after English museum (Victoria & Albert)

Ruskinian Gothic architecture

encouragement of education

art as teaching tool

72
Q

Casts

A

first believed important for educational process of artists

MFAB

DiMaggio “Cultural Entrepreneurship in 19th century Boston” - settle for casts bc dont have access to masterpieces, museum about teaching appreciation and having something for everyone

73
Q

Role of education in museums

A

founding principles of the Met

exhibitions to foster education

casts to teach artists

university museums to elevate scholarship & art history discipline

education seen as justification for early museums

74
Q

Curator

A

connoisseurship and collecting practiced in a professional setting

buying works for need of a museum over personal taste

Edward Silverster Morse - early curator MFAB

advise collectors to encourage donation (Maxim Karolik)

75
Q

Jules David Prown

A

“Mind in Matter An Introduction to Material Culture Theory and Method”

material culture

study through artifacts of the beliefs (values, ideas, attitudes, assumptions) of a particular community or society at a given time

understanding individuals and societies using works of art as tangible evidence

76
Q

Charles Willson Peale “My Design in Forming this Museum”

A

collecting, preserving, exhibiting publically for purposes of educating the public - same tenants of any museum

place of God in natural museum, duty of man to organize

1st museum to display American objects therefore Peale believes should be of interest to Americans

77
Q

Carrie Rebora Baratt

A

“Mapping the Venues: New York City Exhibitions”

Trumbull brings exhibition of Old Master paintings to American Academy of FA, cant foster arts unless have a place for artists to exhibit their work

decline of American Academy due to rise of exhibition space

78
Q

Paul DiMaggio

A

“Cultural Entrepreneurship in 19th Century Boston”

wanted to create collections of objects that went well together but didnt have acess

settle for casts and copies

teaching

79
Q

Richard Wendorff “The Boston Anthenaeum, 1807 - 2007”

A

1807 Boston Anthenaum started by members of Anthology Society

started with book collection

not a public institution, limited audience, set up class barriers

80
Q

Martin Brimmer

A

“The Museum of Fine Arts” American Architect and Building News, Oct. 30, 1880

Martin Brimmer - president of MFAB

museum = place critique and evaluate objects

tastes change, need collection of permanent value

debate over place of objects and responding to changing tastes over time

81
Q

Matthew Prichard

A

“Current Theories of Arrangement of Fine Arts” 1903

MFAB 1902 decision to move to new building but not opened until 1909

new function of museums

art schools for training artists not museums

shift in emphasis of education

broader concept, appreciation of the beautiful

82
Q

Bill to establish the National Gallery

A

1937

finally federal legislation to establish national museum

83
Q

T.R. Adam

A

“The Civic Value of Museums”

emphasis on industrial design

opportunity to show advancement of American industrialism

objects at core of PMA are industrial

South kensington model

84
Q

Steven Conn

A

“Museums and American Intellection Life, 1876 - 1926”

building had emphasis on industrial design

new building architecture focus on fine arts/masterpiece less towards decorative arts

shift from South Kensington model to the Louvre model

seen by PMA, MFAB, Met

85
Q

John Ott

A

“How New York Stole the Art Market: Blockbuster Auctions and Bourgeois Identity in the Gilded Age America”

NY auction scene creates excitement

contemporary french painting

refernce to growth of wealth during the gilded age

competition among top collectors for top pieces

86
Q

Alan Chong “Mrs. Garnder’s Museum of Myth”

A

emphasis on biography and personal treatment of the museum

compare to Higonnet’s article “A Museum of One’s Own: Private Collecting, Public Gift”

87
Q
A

Hiram Powers, Greek Slave, 1841 - 1843

exhibited at the Great Exhibition 1851

William Corcoran

collection conservative until he acquired nude neoclassical sculpture

88
Q
A

James Renwick architect

Corcoran Gallery of Art

founded 1869

17th st & Pennsylvania Ave, Washington D.C.

modeled after Louvre

looking to france even though collection is European and American

89
Q
A

Ernest Flagg

Corcoran Gallery of Art

1893 - 1897

17th St & New York Ave, Washington D.C.

moved buildings for more space

still around government buildings

inspire mood based on building - serious

90
Q

First Exhibition of Contemporary American Paintings

A

1907

Corcoran

almost 400 works exhibited

encourage and benefit American artists

added to permanent collection by holding exhibitions

91
Q
A

Winslow Homer, A Light on the Sea, 1897

acquired by Corcoran at Contemporary American Exhibition

little was bought, small market for contemporary American

no patronage from government, all private

92
Q

International Exhibition

A

Philadelphia

1876

encourage interest in the national character

looked at colonial objects

93
Q
A

Philadelphia Museum of Art

Horace Trumbauer and Zantzinger, Borie, and Medary

1919 - 1928

new location

raised site, culmination of new park

influence by renovation of wide blvds in Paris

urban design influence people behavior

94
Q
A

Rembrandt (workshop), Young Woman at an Open Half-Door, 1645

Art Institute of Chicago

important sale in Florence, Deadof Collection

Charles Hutchinson, President buys 13 works

1890s shift in powerhouse American collections from french contemporary to old master

95
Q
A

Albright Art Gallery (now Albright-Knox)

completed 1905

Edward B. Green

culmination of urban, nature, how musuem fits in city

almost seen as an acropolis

96
Q
A

Art Institute of Chicago new building

Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge

1891 - 1893

city beautiful movement

building represents city and its ambitions

neoclassical architecture

97
Q
A

Cass Gilbert

St. Louis Art Museum

Opened 1904

museum strictly for fine art and masterpieces as seen by architecture

neoclassical

98
Q
A

Cleveland Museum of Art

Hubbell and Benes

1916

no starting collection

focused/waited on masterpieces

99
Q
A

Raphael, Cowper Madonna, 1508

acquired by Mellon in 1928

changes in Europe allow Mellon to acquire works of aesthetic significance

one of his most expensive purchases $800k made headlines

100
Q
A

John Russell Pope

National Gallery of Art

1937 - 1940

neoclassical

101
Q
A

John Smibert, James Bowdoin II, 1736

Bowdoin College Museum of Art

102
Q

Art Museums at Universities before 1900

A

Bowdoin

Yale

Smith

Vassar

103
Q
A

John Trumbull, Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776, 1786 - 1820

Yale University Art Gallery

104
Q
A

Picture Gallery at Yale University

designed by John Trumbull

1831 - 1832

2 rooms, imposing

Trumbull buried below

105
Q
A

James Jackson Jarves Collection

installed at Street Hall Yale University Art Gallery

1887 - 1890

early renaissance

financial trouble/agreement with Yale

can’t pay off, Yale acquires full collection

show development of different schools of art history

106
Q
A

John Smibert, Edward Winslow

Edward Winslow’s Sugar Box, 1700 - 1710

Garvan collection at Yale

1930

colonial/federal collection

few American works were at Yale at the time

107
Q
A

Richard Morris Hunt

Fogg Museum of Art

Harvard

1900, 1912 renovations

108
Q
A

Charles Coolidge

Fogg Art Museum

1927

money raised by Edward Forbes & Paul Sachs

109
Q
A

Isabella Stewart Gardner

John Singer Sargent, 1888

110
Q
A

Vermeer

The Concert

1665

buys without any advising

proves she has her own aesthetic taste

111
Q
A

Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum

Fenway Court

Willard T. Sears

1899 - 1901

112
Q
A

Asher B. Durand

The Catskills

1859

William Walters commissions from Durand

supports American artists

113
Q
A

Walters Art Museum

William Adams Delano

1904 - 1909

neoclassical

sculpture court

looking towards Europe

114
Q
A

Vermeer

Girl Interrupted at her Music

1660

acquired by Henry Clay Frick in 1901

switches collecting from French Contemporary to Dutch, Flemish, British

115
Q
A

The Frick Collection

Thomas Carrere of Carrere and Hasting

1913 - 1914

advised by Knoedler on style of building

116
Q
A

Huntington Art Gallery

San Marino, CA

Myron Hunt

1908

Duveen helps furnish and buy works for collection

117
Q
A

Thomas Gainsborough

Jonathan Buttall: “The Blue Boy”

1770

acquired by Henry Huntington in 1921 via Duveen

Duveen helps raise prices for British painting

118
Q
A

Phillips in front of Renoir’s The Luncheon of the Boating Party, 1954

acquired in 1923

collects contemporary not old masters

119
Q
A

Albert Pinkham Ryder

Moonlit Cove

early 1880s

acquired 1934

collects artists in depth

John Sloane

120
Q
A

women had money, collections, and influence but needed a man to be president

A. Conger Goodyear - formally Albright-Knox

MoMA founded 1929

121
Q

“Cezanne, Gauguin, Seurat, Vincent Van Gogh”

A

Cezanne, Still Life with Apples, 1895 - 98

first exhibition 1929

very European not American

still accused this day

122
Q
A

Goodwin and Stone

MoMA

53rd street

completed 1939

center of the city

European architecture, windows, entrance on ground floor

123
Q
A

Robert Henri

Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney

1916

Whitney Museum of Art

Whitney patron of “The Eight” - Robert Henri, John Sloane, George Luks, Edward Shin

many members of her studio on 8th st

124
Q

Juliana Force

A

member of the Colony Club

runs the admin side of the Whitney

says the Whitney Studio was meant to foster young, emerging artists

The museum will foster great examples of American art produced in the last 15 years

125
Q
A

George Bellows

Dempsey and Firpo

1924

most expensive

acquired 4 days before Whitney opened on W. 8th street

126
Q
A

Whitney Museum of Art

Marcel Breuer

1966

Collecting & Connoisseurship (1 decks)

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