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Medication > Common medications on wards > Flashcards

Common medications on wards Flashcards

1
Q

What are beta blockers?

A

These are medications used to reduce a person’s blood pressure, by making their heart beat more slowly and with less force.

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2
Q

What are examples of beta blockers and what do they each do?

A

These are atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol and propranolol.

They are used to treat: 
Angina
Heart failure 
Atrial fibrillation 
Heart attack 
High blood pressure
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3
Q

What is angina?

A

Chest pain caused by narrowing of the arteries supplying the heart

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4
Q

What is heart failure?

A

Failure of the heart to pump enough blood around the body

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5
Q

What is atrial fibrillation?

A

Irregular heartbeat

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6
Q

What are the side affects of beta blockers?

A

Feeling tired
Dizzy or lightheaded (these can be signs of a slow heart rate).
Difficulties sleeping
Feeling sick

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7
Q

What are antihistamines?

A

Medicines often used to relieve symptoms of allergies, such as hay fever, hives, conjunctivitis.

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8
Q

What is conjunctivitis?

A

Inflammation of the outermost layer of the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid. It makes the eye appear pink or reddish.

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9
Q

Examples of antihistamines

A

Chlorphenamine
Hydroxyzine
Promethazine
Cetirizine

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10
Q

Side effects of antihistamines:

A 
Drowsiness
Blurred vision
Difficulty peeing
Headache
Dry mouth
Feeling sick
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11
Q

What are calcium channels blockers?

A

Calcium channel blockers are used as antihypertensive drugs, i.e., as medications to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension. It does this by widening the blood vessels.

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12
Q

Examples of calcium channel blockers

A

Amlodipine
Diltiazem
Felodipine
Nifedipine

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13
Q

Side effects of calcium channel blockers

A

Headaches
Swollen ankles
Constipation

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14
Q

What are diuretics?

A

Diuretics are water pills that work by flushing excess water and salt from the body through your urination.

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15
Q

Examples of diuretics

A 
Indapamide 
Metolazone
Furosemide
Acetazolamide
Bendroflumethiazide
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16
Q

What is indapamide (a diuretic) used for?

A

Used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.

17
Q

What is metolazone (a diuretic) used for?

A

Used to treat congestive heart failure and high blood pressure.

18
Q

What is furosemide (a diuretic) used for?

A

Used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease. It may also be used for the treatment of high blood pressure.

19
Q

What is Acetazolamide (a diuretic) used for?

A

Used to treat glaucoma, a condition in which increased pressure in the eye can lead to gradual loss of vision.

20
Q

What is Bendroflumethiazide (a diuretic) used for?

A

Used to treat hypertension.

21
Q

What are Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (ARBs) used for?

A

These medications reduce blood pressure by relaxing your blood vessels.

22
Q

Examples of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and their uses:

A

Enalapril
Lisinopril
Ramipril

Theses are used to treat hypertension.

23
Q

Examples of Angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (ARBs):

(all end in sartan

A

Candesartan
Irbesartan
Losartan
Valsartan

These are used to treat hypertension.

24
Q

Examples of NSAIDS and what are they used for?

A

Aceclofenac - used to relieve pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Naproxen is used to reduce inflammation and pain in joints and muscles.

Diclofenac sodium used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout
sprains in muscles and
back pain.

25
Q

Examples of antiplatelets and what are they used for?

A

Ticagrelor
Clopidogrel
Dipyridamole
Aspirin

These are blood thinners used to prevent blood clots. Can be used for patients who are at risk of having a heart attack.

26
Q

Examples of Opioids

A

Co-codamol- used to treat headaches and migraines.

Codeine phosphate- used to treat pain and diarrhoea.

Diamorphine
hydrochloride- used to treat severe pain and treat shortness of breathe.

Dihydrocodeine tartrate
to treat moderate to severe pain, severe dyspnoea (difficulty breathing), and cough.

Fentanyl- used to treat severe pain.

Hydromorphone hydrochloride- used to treat severe pain.

Meptazinol- used to treat moderate to severe pain.

Methadone hydrochloride- used to treat severe ongoing pain.

27
Q

Examples of anticoagulants and their use:

A

Rivaroxaban
Dabigatran
Apixaban
Edoxaban

These are all blood thinners that are used to prevent blood clots. They are used to treat deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolisms.

28
Q

What is metoclopramide used for?

A

Used for nausea and vomiting

Medication (4 decks)

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