Common Pathologies in pregnancy 1 Flashcards
What is the ovarian hormone produced first in the hormonal cycle?
Oestrogen Day 0 - 14
What is the ovarian hormone produced second in the hormonal cycle?
Progesterone Day 14-28
Why would progesterone continue to rise post day 28?
An egg has been fertilised
What does Progesterone do to the endometrium?
Thickening
Cell development, increased vascularity
Forms decidua
Why does bleeding stop after fertilisation?
Stromal cells enlarge between glands and vessels and become procoagulant
What hormone to trophoblast cells produce?
beta-hCG
What is the target of beta-hCG?
Corpus luteum in ovary
What is the function of beta-hCG?
Stimulate corpus luteum to produce progestogen
What is the function of corpus luteum production of progestogen?
Stops decidua from shedding
What forms the forerunner of the placenta?
Trophoblast covered chorionic villi are bathed in the mother’s blood
What are the leading causes of miscarriage?
Chromosomal abnormality
Infection
Maternal issues (trauma, ill health)
What is the most common site of an ectopic pregnancy?
Fallopian tube
How does molar pregnancy present on microscopy?
Enlarged chorionic villi with abundant trophoblast
What is the cause of molar pregnancy?
Methylation of certain genes in the egg, leading to the fertilisation of an empty ovum by 2 sperm
(imbalance of methylated genes)
What is the role of normal methylation in the mother?
Promotion of early baby growth
