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PCOM > Communication and Culture (Start kayo sa nature hanggang explanation essay)) > Flashcards

Communication and Culture (Start kayo sa nature hanggang explanation essay)) Flashcards

1
Q

varied/variety

A

Diverse/Diversity

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2
Q

language, social norms and behavior, religion, beliefs, rituals, ceremonies, laws, habits, works of art, cuisine and others.

A

Culture

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3
Q

word that describes a society that contains several cultural or ethnic groups

A

Multicultural

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4
Q

societies can be found in many countries, particularly in urban areas with high levels of immigration and cultural diversity.

A

Cross-cultural

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5
Q

describes communities where there is a deep understanding and respect for all cultures.

A

Intercultural society

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6
Q

International or Global language

A

English

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7
Q

refers to the differences in the English language that emerge as it is used in various contexts across the world.

A

World Englishes (WE) or Varieties of English

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8
Q

USA, UK, Australia, Canada, Ireland and New Zealand

A

Inner Circle with ENL (English as a native language)

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9
Q
  • Philippines, India, Singapore, Bangladesh, Kenya, Ghana, Malaysia, Pakistan, among others
A

Outer Circle with ESL (English as a second language)

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10
Q

China, Japan, Taiwan, Egypt, Israel, South America, Thailand, among others.

A

Expanding Circle with EFL (English as a foreign language)

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11
Q
  • “frozen” in time and content
  • RARELY or NEVER changes.
  • e.g. the Pledge of Allegiance, the Lord’s Prayer, the Preamble to the US Constitution, the Alma Mater, a bibliographic reference, laws.
A

Static Register

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12
Q
  • used in formal settings and is one-way in nature.

*follows a commonly accepted format.

Examples:

  • Sermons, rhetorical statements and questions, speeches, pronouncements made by judges, announcements.
A

Formal Register

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13
Q
  • standard form of communications.
  • Users engage in a mutually accepted structure of communication.
  • professional discourse.

Examples:

  • communications between a superior and a subordinate
  • when strangers meet
  • counselor and client
  • doctor and patient
  • teacher and student
  • lawyer and client
  • lawyer and judge
A

Consultative Register

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14
Q
  • informal language used by peers and friends.
  • “group” language.
  • Slang, vulgarities and colloquialisms are normal.
  • One must be a member to engage in this register.
  • e.g. buddies, teammates, chats and emails, and blogs, and letters to friends.
A

Casual Register

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15
Q
  • Private communication.
  • Reserved for close family members or intimate people.
  • e.g. husband and wife, boyfriend and girlfriend, siblings, parents and children.
A

Intimate Register

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16
Q
  • To understand the relationship between culture and communication.
  • Understand the place of communication in culture.
A

Culture & Communication

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17
Q
  • How people from different cultures communicate among themselves
  • How communication differs among cultures
  • How communication is similar among cultures
A

COMMUNICATION CONTEXT

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18
Q

What are the different contexts influence expectations, meaning and actions.

A
  1. Personal context
  2. Cultural context
  3. Physical context
  4. Social context
  5. Psychological context
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19
Q
  • background of both the sender and the receiver of the message:
  • education, religion, socioeconomic status, marital status, and beliefs that greatly influence what and how they communicate.
A

Personal Context

20
Q
  • beliefs, value systems, guiding principles, and assumptions based on one’s race, ethnicity, age, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, and religion within which communication happens.
A

Cultural context

21
Q
  • refers to the environment where communication takes place like hallway, market, street, etc. Within the environment, other factors such as noise, people, temperature, size of the space will shape communication (DeVito, 2014)
A

Physical context

22
Q

-relationship that exists between the sender and the receiver.

A

Social context

23
Q
  • emotional feelings of the participants
  • opinions, judgements, prejudices, attitudes, and perceptions towards each other which can play part in the transmission of messages.
A

Psychological context

24
Q
  1. Using a different language
  2. Lack of shared knowledge, beliefs and cultural diversity
  3. Having difficulty to arrive at the correct inference or interpretation of meanings
  4. Results of intercultural miscommunication and misunderstanding- wrong interpretation of the verbal and non-verbal code.
A

Give the challenges of Intercultural Communication

25
Q

lack of explicitness -speaker uses ambiguous semantics in which an utterance is open to different interpretations

A

Ambiguity

26
Q

slips of the tongue and mishearing which may be due to utterances spoken quickly and unclearly.

A

Performance-related misunderstanding

27
Q

ungrammaticality of language

A

Language-related misunderstanding

28
Q

in world knowledge

A

Gaps

29
Q

utterances, sequences, orientation of participants and repair moves

A

Local context

30
Q

Types of Nonverbal Communication

A
  1. ACTION (KINESICS)
  2. OBJECT (ICONICS)
  3. DISTANCE (PROXEMICS) -intimate - personal - social - public
  4. TOUCH (TACTILE/HAPTICS)
  5. TIME (CHRONEMICS)
  6. PARALANGUAGE - tone of the voice)
  7. SILENCE
31
Q

appropriate for husbands and wives/ couples

A

Intimate space

32
Q

for friends, brothers/sisters, parents

A

Personal

33
Q

appropriate for business transactions, talking to co-workers, strangers, ATM queues, etc.

A

Social

34
Q

the communicators are farther from each other. (delivering a speech to audience, classroom discussion, conducting a seminar, etc.

A

Public

35
Q
  • shows rank in Japan

-respect in Korea

A

Bowing

36
Q
  • shows rank in Japan

-respect in Korea

A

Hands in pocket

37
Q
  • rude in most Northern European areas
A

Slouching

38
Q
  • offensive in Ghana, Turkey
A

Sitting with legs crossed

39
Q

Offensive in Thailand, Saudi Arabia

A

Showing soles of feet

40
Q
  • rude in Australia/Iran
  • offensive in Nigeria
  • means 5 in Japan
A

Thumbs up

41
Q

USA -OK

Philippines/Japan - money

Brazil/Germany - obscene

A

Form a circle with fingers to indicate “OK”

42
Q

Japan - rude

Middle East - rude - left hand-unclean

A

Pass an item to someone with one hand

43
Q

Turkey -obscene

Russia - you get nothing from me

Yugoslavia - you can’t have it

Brazil - good luck

A

Fig sign

44
Q

Philippines - means yes

Bulgaria and Greece - No

A

Nod

45
Q

Most Asians - rude

US - index finger

Germany - little finger

Japanese - entire hand

A

Pointing and Counting

46
Q
  1. Yawning
  2. Frowning
  3. Nail biting
  4. Scratching head
  5. Making fists
  6. Standing straight, shoulders squared
A

boredom

annoyance

anxiety

doubt

anger

confidence

PCOM (8 decks)

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