Competition

Question 1

direction of causality

Answer 1

refers to whether cohesion leads to performance success or performance success leads to cohesion

Question 2

Coakley definition of competition

Answer 2

A social process that occurs when rewards are given to people for how their performance compares with the performances of others during the same task or when participating in the same event.

Question 3

Coakley definition of cooperation

Answer 3

A social process through which performance is evaluated and rewarded in terms of the collective achievement of a group of people working together to reach a particular goal.

Question 4

Competition process

Answer 4

Stage 1: An objective competitive situation
Stage 2: The subjective competitive situation
Stage 3: Response
Stage 4: Consequences

Question 5

Stage 1: An objective competitive situation

Answer 5

is a situation in which performance is compared with some standard of excellence in the presence of at least one other person who is aware of the comparison.

Question 6

Stage 2: The subjective competitive situation

Answer 6

is how the person perceives, accepts, and appraises the objective competitive situation (influenced by personality factors such as competitiveness).

In the setting, how do I feel about this and how does it fit with my personal goals

Question 7

Stage3:Response

Answer 7

is whether a person approaches or avoids an objective competitive situation (at the behavioral, physiological, and psychological levels)

physiology co-ordinated or clumbsy, affecting ability

Question 8

Stage 4: Consequences

Answer 8

Depending on (+) or (-) 
Perception of consequence is more important than the actual consequence

motive

Question 9

Cooperation increases group harmony & productivity

but what does this depend on

Answer 9

dependant on environment, depend what you need as a result Work place, need employee’s to work together

Question 10

When does competition become bad

Answer 10

When winning is the only thing that matters
Sacrifice ethics
fair play, not everyone gets to play, should be developing skill at this age
Position is based on skill today, not what they could be in the future

Question 11

Competition encourages..

Answer 11

you to work harder- bring you best
Thrill, more options to compete
Pride, status

can serve as a positive source of motivation to improve and refine skills.

high achiever - use competitive environment as motivator

Question 12

the more independent the task

Answer 12

the less cooperation need for superior performance

Question 13

Cooperation as opposed to competition produces

Answer 13

superior performance, although results may depend on the nature of the task.

Question 14

Attributes Related to Both Competition and Cooperation

Answer 14

Garfield 
 A sense of mission
• Strong work ethic
• Use of resources
• A strong preparation ethic
• A love of challenge and change
• Great teamwork

Question 15

Competitive means—competitive ends

Answer 15

For example, King of the Mountain, 100-yard dash

Question 16

cooperative means—competitive ends

Answer 16

soccer, basketball

Question 17

Individual means—individual ends

Answer 17

calisthenics, cross-country skiing

Question 18

Cooperative means—individual ends:

Answer 18

helping each other individually improve

Question 19

Cooperative means—cooperative ends:

Answer 19

keeping a volleyball from hitting ground

Question 20

Change the rule of the game

Answer 20

in order to increase opportunity for cooperation

Change the rules, everyone involved - always moving, more opportunity to participate then waiting your turn(maximize participation)

Question 21

Dont keep score

Answer 21

Tell the children that we dont value the score as much as something else

Question 22

Give positive feedback

Answer 22

Give positive feedback and criticism when appropriate . Dont only focus negative, only stars get positive feedback

Question 23

Maximize opportunities for success.

Answer 23

Not using social comparison, but self comparison to improve skill

Question 24

Provide opportunities for youngsters to play different positions.

Answer 24

All levels of skill/ ability the chance to show success

Make sure all players are learning all skills not just for their role at the time

Question 25

Guidelines for Balancing Competition and Cooperation

Answer 25

• Blend competition and cooperation when teaching and coaching physical skills.
• Individualize instruction to meet each person’s needs.
• Structure games for children to include both competitive and cooperative elements.
• When competition leads to fierce rivalry, use superordinate goals to get the groups together.
• Provide positive feedback and encouragement to students and athletes regardless of the outcomes of the competition.
• Stress cooperation to produce trust and open communication.
• Provide opportunities for both the learning of sport skills and the practice of these skills in competition.

Question 26

Blend competition and cooperation when …

Answer 26

teaching and coaching physical skills.

Question 27

Individualize instruction to meet each person’s needs.

Answer 27

Youth coaches should have more teaching then elite coaches- More work to create individualized instruction, add rules to add cooperative element

Question 28

When competition leads to fierce rivalry, use

Answer 28

superordinate goals to get the groups together

Specific goals in order to be succesful

Question 29

regardless of the outcomes of the competition…

Answer 29

Provide positive feedback and encouragement to students and athletes

Picking up on post game routine regardless of a win or loss- talk about effort/ skill (control)

Question 30

Stress cooperation to produce

Answer 30

trust and open communication.

Vital for team cohesion - learn cooperation from team games

Question 31

Provide opportunities for both

Answer 31

the learning of sport skills and the practice of these skills in competition.