consolidation of power Flashcards
how did hitler consolidate his power - timeline
January 30th 1933 - hitler appointed as chancellor
January 31st 1933 - appeal to German people - speech blaming democracy for poor economy -scape goats
February 1st 1933 - calls elections - consolidate position legally
February 20th 1933 - hitler promsied 3 million reichmarks by industrial and elite
what was the reichstag fire
February 27th 1933 at 9pm
$1million in damage
Van der lube was suspended - communist (got the blame)
storm troopers were conducting raids in the weeks before
communist party outlawed
what’s the day of Potsolam ceremony
“dictatorship grounded in reality”
21st march 1933
hindenburg, hitler, Kaiser Wilhelms son celebrated the opening of the reichstag
the malicious practices law - banned criticism of the regime, rid germany of oppressors and enemies
hitler symbolically aligned national socialism with the forces of old Germany
what was the decree for the protection of people and the state
february 28th 1933
ended press freedom
ended right of assembly
allowed imprisonment without trial-protective custody
used to bam and arrest communist
what was the enabling act
24th march 1933
this meant hitler could bypass the parliament for 4 years
only the SPD members voted against it despite trying to debate it (accepted by hitler to show his ‘democratic’ nature)
communists banned or refused entry
hitler made a speech with pacified ZP, guaranteeing catholic rights
SS and SA troops surrounded the building
444 to 94
essentially a legal revolution
power to pass laws went to the cabinet
cabinet could introduce budgets
what was the night of long knives
hitler disliked rohms personal ambitions
SA essentially represented radical left wing of the party
rohm wanted the SA to merge with the army
hitler got his friends to complete hitlist of disloyal SA men
over 1000 opponents were killed
when did hindenburg die
2nd august 1934
what did Hindenburgs death mean for hitler
hitler made himself president as well as chancellor, a new role called ‘Der Fuhrer’
he also made himself head of the armed forces, who had to swear an oath of loyalty to him
he was now in complete power
whats gleichschaltang (coordination)
directed by the depression but a strong force as shown by the Kapp Putsch
international labour day - 1st may 1933 - bank holiday
following day - 2nd may - the nazis moved against the trade unions
trade unions premises occupied
union funds occupied
leaders arrested and placed in early concentration camps
the german labour front replace the trade unions
what happened to the political parties following hitlers total power
KPD - out-lawned since the reichstag fire
SPD - assets seized during trade unions
banned 22nd june 1933
DNUP - officially coalition partners
ZP - dissolved following concordat
what was the concordat
nazis saw catholic church as a threat to nazism
catholic church agreed not to oppose the political party and social aims of them
sympathised with the nazis anti-liberal ideas
Pope Pius XI hoped that the concordat would allow the catholic church in Germany to operate free from any interference
how were the concentration camps used to consolidate power
ultimate weapon against opposition
built in 1933
often in isolated person
little food, random beatings, random executions
churchmen, trade unionists, jews and communists were sent there
how was the ss used to consolidate power
main function was to destroy all opposition to hitler and nazism
would search out and merciless remov anything or one who opposed them
how was the gestapo used to consolidate power
secret police in nazi germany
force which was feared the most by german people
acts as spies and were a constant reminder that hitler found about all opposition
once taken by the gestapo that person would often not be seen again
how was law courts used to consolidate power
used as back ups to what the ss and gestapo did - making it seem legal
if a person went to court charged with opposition then it was guaranteed they were found guilty
