Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproduction > Contraception > Flashcards

Contraception Flashcards

1
Q

How long does sperm live in the female genital tract?

A

5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the appearance of cervical mucus post ovulation

A

Thick and sticky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the positioning of the cervix in the vagina when more and less fertile:

A

More - cervix high, soft and open

Less - low in vagina, firm and closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In a normal (28 day) cycle, what days is a woman most fertile?

A

Days 8 - 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is lactational amenorrhoea?

A

This is a lack of periods in a woman due to her producing breastmilk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the three criteria for lactational amenorrhoea to act as a contraceptive method?

A

1) Exclusively breast feeding
2) Less than 6/12 post natal
3) amenorrhoeic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the combined hormonal contraception’s basic method of action?

A

Primarily inhibits ovulation

Secondary effects on cervical mucous and endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the failure rate of combined hormonal contraception when used perfectly?

A

0.2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the basic mechanism of action for the progesterone only pill?

A

Thickens mucus and inhibits ovulation

Also has effects on fallopian tube transport and endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the primary mode of action for the implant?

A

Inhibition of ovulation - long lasting (up to three years)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How long does the depo injection last?

A

14 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How often is the depo injection given?

A

Every 13 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the depo injection do?

A

Inhibits ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the failure rate of the depo-injection?

A

0.2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the basic mode of action of the copper IUD?

A

Prevention of fertilisation by inhibiting the release of the acrosome of the sperm (acts on sperm Golgi apparatus)
Secondary inflammatory response in endometrium making environment hostile preventing implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How long can an IUD remain effective?

A

5-10 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the failure index for the IUD?

A

0.6%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What must be checked for before performing a female sterilisation?

A

Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What assessment is carried out before prescribing contraception for a patient?

A

The UKMEC

UK medical eligibility criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What examinations are usually carried out before prescribing contraception?

A

Depends on what method
BP and BMI (pulse rate)
Smears up to date and may require you to check uterine size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Define Quick starting contraception:

A

This is when you start contraception when the patient presents and not waiting until next period

22
Q

Give three examples of possible “quick start” contraceptives:

A

CHC’s
Implant
Depo

23
Q

What methods cannot be “quick started”

A

IUDs

Pills containing cyproterone acetate

24
Q

Define ‘bridging contraception’

A

When the preferred method of contraception cannot be started immediately as pregnancy cannot be excluded, therefore an interim is used

25
Q

Give the three options for emergency contraception available in the UK

A

Intrauterine - copper IUD

Oral - LNG-EC (<72hours)
- UPA-EC (Up to 120hours)

26
Q

Copper IUD should be offered to ALL women as emergency option. True or False?

A 
TRUE
Its 10x more effective 
Has pre and post fertilisation effects 
Toxic to sperm and ovum
Works immediately, regardless of what point in the cycle it is inserted
27
Q

If giving the Copper IUD what MUST you rule out?

A

STI’s

Pregnancy

28
Q

Emergency hormonal contraceptive pill is abortive. True/false

A

False
This is a common misconception
It only delays ovulation

29
Q

What is the basic mechanism of the UPA-EC pill?

A

It is an anti-progesterone to delay ovulation

30
Q

What is the basic mechanism of action for the LNG-EC

A

High dose progesterone to delay ovulation

31
Q

When is hormonal emergency contraception ineffective?

A

Post-ovulation

32
Q

When should you avoid prescribing UPA_EC?

A

Severe asthmatics

33
Q

Give some examples of non-contraceptive factors associated with contraceptive methods?

A 
Irregular periods
Painful periods
Heavy menstrual bleeding
Endometriosis
Menstrual migraine
Acne
PCOS
34
Q

What three factors must be considered before prescribing CHC?

A

Absorption
Metabolism
Metabolic effects

35
Q

What are three risks when using CHC?

A

Venous thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis
Adverse impact on cancers

36
Q

What metabolic effects can the CHC have?

A

Reduces levels of anti-thrombin and protein S

Increased fibrinolytic activity

37
Q

What risk factors are associated with VTE according to UKMEC?

A 
Obesity
Smoking
Age
Known thrombophilia
VTE in a 1st degree relative <45y/o
6 weeks postnatal
38
Q

What are unwanted circulatory effects of the combined oral contraceptive?

A

Systemic hypertension

Arterial disease

39
Q

Why is migraine with aura a contraindication for CHC use?

A

Migraine with aura has increased risk of ischaemic stroke
CHC increases stroke risk
Therefore contraindicated

40
Q

What contraception is available for women post-partum from day one?

A

Progesterone only pill

This is the only option suitable from day 1 post birth

41
Q

What form of barrier method does not protect against HIV?

A

Cervical cap and diaphragm

42
Q

What is the main method of action in the diaphragm/cervical cap?

A

Filled with spermicide (therefore inhibiting fertilisation)

43
Q

Give some examples of behavioural methods of contraception:

A

“pull out” / withdrawal method
Periodic abstinence
Lactational Amenorrhoea

44
Q

What is the Mirena coil also called?

A

Levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS)

(a form of progesterone)

45
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the Mirena IUS?

A

Inhibits implantation through is prostogenic effect on the endometrium
Also prevents sperm entering the uterus - preventing fertilisation

46
Q

What else can the Mirena coil be used for other than contraception?

A

Menorrhagia

Endometrial hyperplasia

47
Q

How long can the Mirena coil be kept in?

LNG-IUS

A

5 years

48
Q

What % of women will still ovulate while using the Mirena coil as a method of contraception?

A

75%

49
Q

When can a Mirena (LNG-IUS) be given post partum?

A

Within the first 48 hours post partum

if not then wait >4 weeks

50
Q

Can the copper IUD be inserted immediately post partum?

A

Yes within the first 48 hours

After that wait at least 4 weeks

Reproduction (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions