Cooper ch 13 schedules

Question 1

a rule that describes a contingency of reinforcement, those environmental arrangements that determine conditions by which behaviors will produce reinforcement (305).

Answer 1

Schedule of reinforcement

Question 2

provides reinforcement for each occurrence of behavior (305).

Answer 2

Continuous schedule of R

Question 3

are possible in which some, but not all, occurrences of the behavior are reinforced (305).

Answer 3

Intermittent schedule of R

Question 4

What are the 4 schedules of intermittent R.

Answer 4

1. • Fixed ratio-requires the completion of a number of responses to produce a reinforcer.
2. • Variable ratio-requires the completion of a variable number of responses to produce a reinforcer.
3. • Fixed interval-provides reinforcement for the first response following a fixed duration of time.
4. • Variable Interval-provides reinforcement for the first correct response following the elapse of variable durations of time.

Question 5

Post reinforcement pause and has a high rate of responding.

Answer 5

Pattern of response for fixed ration

Question 6

Produces consistent, steady rate of response with out post R pause. Rate of response is quick. The size of the ratio influences the rate of the response

Answer 6

Variable ratio pattern of responding

Question 7

typically produce a post-reinforcement pause in responding during the early part of the interval. An initially slow but accelerating rate of response is evident toward the end of the interval, usually reaching a maximum rate just before delivery of the reinforcer.
o Rate of response- schedules tend to produce a slow to moderate rates of response. The duration of the time interval influences the post-reinforcement pause and the rate of response; to a degree, the larger the fixed interval requirement, the longer the post-reinforcement pause and the lower the overall rate of response.

Answer 7

Fixed interval pattern of responding

Question 8

o Pattern of responding- schedules of reinforcement tends to produce a constant, stable rate of response. schedule typically produces few hesitations between responses.
o Rate of response-schedules of reinforcement tend to produce los to moderate rates of response. The average duration of the time intervals on VI schedules influences the rate of response; to a degree, the larger the average interval, the lower the overall rate of response.

Answer 8

Variable interval pattern of responding

Question 9

refers to changing a contingency of reinforcement

Answer 9

Schedule thinning

Question 10

a behavioral effect

Answer 10

Ratio strain

Question 11

-the reinforcement of responses higher than a predetermined criterion.

Answer 11

DRH

Question 12

responses are reinforced only when they are lower than the criterion.

Answer 12

DRL

Question 13

provides reinforcement at the end of a predetermined time interval when the number of responses is less than a criterion that is gradually decreased across time intervals based on the individual’s performance

Answer 13

DRD- diminishing rates

Question 14

combining the elements of continuous reinforcement (CRF), the four intermittent schedules of reinforcement (FR, VR, FI, VI), differential reinforcement of various rates of responding (DRH, DRL), and extinction

Answer 14

How are compound schedules formed

Question 15

a. Concurrent schedules of reinforcement occur when two or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently or simultaneously for two or more behaviors.

Answer 15

Concurrent schedules of R