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Anatomy- CVR > Coronary artery and internal heart > Flashcards

Coronary artery and internal heart Flashcards

1
Q

What does the ascending aorta give rise to?

A

L and R coronary arteries

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2
Q

What does the RCA supply?

A

Heart, right atrium, right ventricle, part left ventricle, part interventricular septum

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3
Q

Main branches of RCA?

A

SAN, AV node
Right marginal artery- inferior border
Posterior interventricular artery- continue RA
- supply
ventricles

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3
Q

Main branches of RCA?

A

SAN, AV node
Right marginal artery- inferior border
Posterior interventricular artery- continue RA
- supply
ventricles

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4
Q

Label?

A
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5
Q

What does LCA supply?

A

Heart, left atrium, most left ventricle, part right ventricle, part interventricular

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6
Q

Course of LCA?

A

Short course then divide 2 large branches

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7
Q

What are two branches of LCA?

A

Anterior interventricular artery/Left anterior descending (LAD)
Circumflex artery

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8
Q

What do the branches of the LCA supply?

A

LAD- both ventricles
Circumflex- left atrium, part R and L ventricle
Left marginal artery- branch circumflex, supply
L ventricle

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9
Q

Label

A
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10
Q

Do most people have right or left dominant circulation?

A

Most- Right dominant circulation- both R/L CA supply left ventricle
Left- PIV from circumflex- LCA supply entire L ventricle

PIV (supply left ventricle) either L or R artery

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11
Q

Why is dominance important?

A

Occlusion

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12
Q

Label

A
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13
Q

Label

A
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14
Q

What ensures unidirectional flow?

A

Valves

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15
Q

Purpose right atrium?

A

Receive deoxygenated blood from sup and inf vena cava

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16
Q

What feature seperates L and R atrium?

A

Interatrial septum

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17
Q

What remains in the foramen ovale?

A

Fossa ovalis

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18
Q

What seperates the smooth posterior part from rough anterior part of atrium?

A

Crista terminalis
Ridges- pectinate muscles

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19
Q

Where does blood flow after right atrium?

A

Right AV valve (tricuspid) to right ventricle
Mostly passive

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20
Q

Function of right ventricle?

A

Pump deoxygenated blood into pulmonary trunk- bifurcates L and R pulmonary artery
Pulmonary valve

21
Q

Is the atria or ventricle walls thicker?

A

Ventricle- propel blood

22
Q

What are trabeculae carneae?

A

Muscular ridges on internal wall

23
Q

What are papillary muscles?

A

Modified trabeculae carneae- project lumen ventricle

24
Q

What is fibrous cord connects tip papillary muscles to tricuspid valve?

A

Chordae tendineae

25
Q

Label

A
26
Q

Label

A
27
Q

Function left atrium?

A

Recieve oxygenated blood from lungs (via pulmonary veins)

28
Q

How many pulmonary veins does each lung have?

A

2

29
Q

Where does blood flow after left atrium?

A

Left AV valve (mitral)
Left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into aorta
Aortic valve
Coronary arteries

30
Q

Describe blood flow

A
31
Q

How many papillary muscles does left ventricle have?

A

2

32
Q

Which ventricle is bigger and thicker?

A

Left- blood into circulation

33
Q

Terminology when ventricles contract?

A

Ventricular systole
Rise in pressure

34
Q

Why do valves close during ventricular contraction?

A

Tricuspid and mitral close due pressure rising- prevent blood flow back into atria
Blood only out aorta and pulmonary trunk

35
Q

Why are papillary muscles and chordae tendineae important valves?

A

Don’t shut valves, allow valves resist pressure, prevent forced open

36
Q

Why are papillary muscles and chordae tendineae important valves?

A

Don’t shut valves, allow valves resist pressure, prevent forced open
When ventricles contract, papillary muscles contract- tense cords

37
Q

Valves

A
38
Q

What are the two semilunar valves? Function?

A

Aortic and pulmonary
Prevent backflow into ventricles
Each forms sinus

39
Q

When do the coronary arteries fill?

A

Ventricular relaxation (diastole)

40
Q

Where are heart sounds?
Aortic valve
Pulmonary
Tricuspid
Mitral

A

Aortic- 2nd IC space, right sternum
Pulmonary- 2nd IC, left sternum
Tricuspid- 5th IC, left sternum
Mitral- L 5th IC, midclavicular

41
Q

What is responsible for generating electrical impulses?

A

Cells in sinoatrial node (SAN)
Located superior end crista terminalis

42
Q

Label

A
43
Q

How many impulses does the SA generate?

A

70/min

44
Q

What does the SAN do?

A

Stimulate contraction of atria
Impulses conducted to AV node- end interatrial septum

45
Q

Pathway of electrical impulse?

A

SA - AV - Atrrioventricular bundle - divide R and L bundle - Purkinje - Stimulate contraction L and R ventricles

46
Q

Label

A
47
Q

What supplies the SA node?

A

RCA- 60% PIV
LCA- 40%

48
Q

What supplies the bundle of his?

A

LCA

49
Q

Label

A
50
Q

What increases/decreases heart rate and force of contraction?

A

Sympathetic- increases HR / force contraction
Parasympathetic- decrease HR / force contraction

51
Q

Is HR visceral?

A

Yes- doesn’t reach conscious
If ischemic- felt

Anatomy- CVR (8 decks)

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