Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

sociology - families & households > couples > Flashcards

couples Flashcards

1
Q

Parsons (functionalist)

A

clear division of labour - husband is instrumental role, wife is expressive role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how do Young & Willmott criticise Parsons

A

men are now taking a greater share of domestic tasks, women are becoming wage earners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how does feminists criticise Parsons

A

it only benefits men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bott

A

2 types of conjugal roles - segregated and joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define segregated conjugal roles (Bott)

A

couple has separate roles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define joint conjugal roles (Bott)

A

couple share tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Young & Willmott’s study into working class families in Bethnal Green

A

Men were breadwinners, played little part in home life, spent leisure time with workmates at pubs or working mens clubs
Women were fulltime housewives, helped by female relatives, limited leisure time with female kin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what view does Young & Willmott have

A

march of progress view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Young & Willmott

A

Family is gradually improving for all members, becoming equal and democratic
Long term trend away from segregated roles and towards joint conjugal roles
Found symmetrical couple was more common among young couples, those who are geographically and socially isolated and affluent
Rise of symmetrical family as result of significant social changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rise of symmetrical family as result of significant social changes - Young & Willmott

A

changes in women’s position, geographic mobility, new technology, higher standards of living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what view do feminists reject

A

march of progress view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

feminists view

A

Little has changed
Inequality stems from the fact that family and wider society are patriarchal
Women occupy subordinate and dependent role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why do feminists say little has changed

A

men and women remain unequal within family and women do most of the housework

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oakley criticises Young & Willmott

A

Claims are exaggerated
Young & Willmott found that most of the husbands they interviewed ‘helped’ their wives at least once per week - hardly convincing evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Oakley’s study into husbands and wives roles in household

A

15% husbands - high level of participation in housework
25% husbands - high level of participation in childcare
Husbands were more likely to share childcare, but only more pleasurable aspects
‘good father’ was one who would play with the children and take them off the wife’s hands but this meant mothers lost the rewards of childcare and left with more time for housework

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Boulton

A

Less than 20% husbands had major role in childcare
Young & Willmott exaggerate men’s contribution
Almost always the mother who was responsible for child’s security and wellbeing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Warde & Hetherington

A

Sex typing of domestic tasks remained strong
Men would only carry out routine ‘female’ tasks when the partner wasn’t around
Evidence for a slight change of attitude among younger men, no longer assumed women should do housework

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Gershuny (are couples becoming more equal)

A

Women working full time is leading to a more equal division of labour
Women working full time did less domestic work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sullivan (are couples becoming more equal)

A

Increase in couples with equal division of labour (1975-1997)
Increase in men participating more in traditional women (1975-1997)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

feminist view (are couples becoming more equal)

A

Usually women who do majority of household tasks
Men do very little of households unless they do it equally or making small repairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Boulton (are couples becoming more equal)

A

mother usually takes responsibility for Childs security and wellbeing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Ferri & Smith (are couples becoming more equal)

A

fathers took responsibility for childcare in less than 4% families

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dex & Ward (are couples becoming more equal)

A

78& fathers have high involvement in activities
1% fathers taking care of sick child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Braun, Vincent & Ball (are couples becoming more equal)

A

3/70 families, father is main caregiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Southerton (are couples becoming more equal)

A

managing family quality time has become more difficult in todays late modern society with recent social changes - led to peoples time becoming more fragmented and de-routinised
Men and women now have more or less equal amounts of leisure time, but have different experiences - Women carry dual burden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Crompton & Lyonette (are couples becoming more equal)

A

cultural explanation of inequality and material explanation of inequality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

cultural explanation of inequality (Crompton & Lyonette)

A

Division of labour is determined by patriarchal norms and values that shape gender roles
Women perform more domestic labour because society expects them to and they’ve been socialised to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Material explanation of inequality (Crompton & Lyonette)

A

Women earn less than men means its economically rational for women to do housework and childcare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

cultural explanation of inequality - Gershuny

A

Couples whose parents had more equal relationship are more likely to share housework
Parental role models are important
Social values are gradually adapting to the fact women are now working full time, establishing new norm that men should do domestic work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

cultural explanation of inequality - Man Yee Kan

A

Younger men do more domestic work
Suggests generational shift in behaviour is occurring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

cultural explanation of inequality - British Social Attitudes Survey

A

Less than 10% of under 35s agreed with traditional division of labour
Indicates long term change in norms, values and attitudes
Reflecting changes in gender role socialisation of younger age groups

32
Q

cultural explanation of inequality - Dunne

A

Lesbian couples had more symmetrical relationships because of absence of traditional heterosexual gender scripts

33
Q

material explanation of inequality - Kan

A

For every £10,000 a year a women earns, she does 2 hours less of housework per week

34
Q

material explanation of inequality - Arber & Finn

A

Better paid, middle class women were more able to buy commercially produced products and services

35
Q

material explanation of inequality - Ramos

A

Where the women is full time breadwinner, man does as much domestic labour than she does

36
Q

material explanation of inequality - Sullivan

A

Working full time makes biggest difference in how much domestic work each partner does

37
Q

Dunno study of 37 lesbian couples

A

More likely to describe their relationship as equal, share housework and childcare equally and view childcare positively
More likely to give importance to both partners careers because heterosexuals are under pressure to conform to deeply ingrained masculine or feminine gender scripts by performing different kinds of domestic tasks that confirm gender identities
Household tasks aren’t linked to gender scripts, allows lesbian couples to create more equal relationship

38
Q

how does Dunne’s study of 37 lesbian couples support radical feminism

A

relationships are inevitably patriarchal and women can only achieve equality in same sex relationship

39
Q

Weeks & Smart evaluation of Dunne

A

Same sex relationships offer greater possibilities of equality because division of labour is open to negotiation and agreement

40
Q

Barrett & McIntosh

A

Men gain far more from women’s domestic work than they give back in financial support
Financial support that husbands give is often unpredictable and comes with strings attached
Men usually have to make decisions about spending important items

41
Q

Kempson

A

Among low income families, women denied own needs, eating smaller portions or skipping meals to make ends meet

42
Q

Pahl & Vogler

A

2 types of control of family income - allowance system and pooling

43
Q

allowance system (Pahl & Vogler)

A

men gives wife an allowance which they have to budget to meet family needs, while man is retaining any surplus income

44
Q

pooling (Pahl & Vogler)

A

both partners have access to income and joint responsibility for expenditure; most common money management
When same partners pool, the pooled income is controlled by husband which gives men more power in financial decisions

45
Q

Hardill study of 30 dual career professional couples

A

Crucial decisions were usually taken by the man alone or jointly
Mans career usually took priority when deciding to move house for a new job
Supports Finch observation that women’s lives tend be structured around husbands careers

46
Q

Edgell - very important decisions

A

husbands alone or taken jointly but with the husband having the final say

47
Q

Edgell - important decisions

A

taken jointly

48
Q

Edgell - less important decisions

A

usually taken by wife

49
Q

feminists view on resources and decision making

A

Inequalities in decision making aren’t simply the result of inequalities in earnings
In a patriarchal society, cultural definition of men as decision makers is ingrained in men and women and instilled through gender role socialisation
Until this is challenged, decision making is likely to remain unequal
Reflects cultural explanation of gender inequality

50
Q

Volger

A

Cohabiting couples were less likely to pool their money but more likely to share domestic tasks equally

51
Q

Personal life perspective on resources & decision making

A

Focuses on meanings couples give to who controls money
Meanings that money may have in relationships can’t be taken for granted

52
Q

Smart

A

Some gay men and lesbians attached no importance to who controlled money and were perfectly happy to leave this to their partners
Didn’t see the control of money as meaning either equality or inequality

53
Q

Weeks

A

Typical pattern was pooling some money for household spending
Reflects value of co-independence

54
Q

define domestic violence and abuse

A

any incident or pattern of incidents of controlling, coercive or threatening behaviour, violence or abuse between those aged 16 or over who are or have been intimate partners or family members

55
Q

domestic violence is far too widespread - Women’s Act Federation

A

Domestic violence accounts for between 1/6 and 1/4 of all recorded violent crime

56
Q

domestic violence is far too widespread - Crime Survey for England & Wales

A

2 million people reported having been victims of domestic abuse during previous year

57
Q

domestic violence doesn’t occur randomly but follows social patterns

A

Most striking of these patterns is its mainly violence by men against women

58
Q

domestic violence doesn’t occur randomly but follows social patterns - Coleman

A

Women were more likely to have experienced intimate violence across all 4 types of abuse

59
Q

domestic violence doesn’t occur randomly but follows social patterns - Coleman & Osborne

A

2 women per week (1/3 female homicide victims) are killed by a partner or former partner

60
Q

Dobash & Dobash research on police and court records and interviews with women

A

Found violence incidents could be set off by what a husband saw as a challenge to his authority
Marriage legitimates violence against women by conferring power and authority

61
Q

Crime Survey for England and Wales (2013)

A

Narrow gender gaps
7.3% of women compared with 5% of men reported having experienced domestic abuse

62
Q

Walby & Allen

A

Women were more likely to be victims of multiple incidents

63
Q

Ankara & Hindin

A

Women suffered more serve violence and control with more serious psychological effects
Women were much more likely than men to be fearful of their partner

64
Q

Dar

A

Can be difficult to count separate domestic violence incidents
Can be due to continuous abuse or may occur so often that they can’t reliably count the incidents

65
Q

victims may be unwilling to report it to police - Yearnshire

A

On average, women suffers 35 assaults before making a report

66
Q

victims may be unwilling to report it to police - Dar

A

Victims of domestic violence are less likely to report the offences as they believe its not a matter for the police

67
Q

Police and prosecutors may be reluctant to record, investigate or prosecute them

A

reluctance may be due to the police and other agencies aren’t prepared to become involved in family life

68
Q

explanations of domestic abuse

A

radical feminist and material explanation

69
Q

radical feminist explanation of domestic abuse

A

interpret findings to be evidence of patriarchy
Family and marriage are key institutions in patriarchal society and main source of women’s oppression
Widespread domestic violence is an inevitable feature of patriarchal society and serves to preserve power that all men have over women
Helps to explain why most domestic violence is committed by men linking patterns of domestic violence to dominant social norms about marriage
Male domination of state institutions helps to explain relucantnace of the policee and courts to deal effectively with cases of domestic violence

70
Q

radical feminist explanation of domestic abuse - Millet & Firestone

A

All societies have been founded on patriarchy
See key division in society as being between men and women

71
Q

radical feminist explanation of domestic abuse - criticisms

A

Fail to explain female violence
Use the concept of patriarchy to explain why most victims of domestic violence but wrong assume all women are equally at risk of patriarchal violence
They explain why it’s women and not men who are victims, but fail to explain which women are most likely to be victims

72
Q

radical feminist explanation of domestic abuse - criticisms (Elloit)

A

Rejects radical feminist claim that all men benefit from violence against women
Not all men are aggressive and most are opposed to domestic violence

73
Q

Materialist explanation of domestic abuse

A

Inequalities means some families have fewer resources than others. This reduces their chances of maintaining stable, caring relationships and increases risk of conflict and violence

74
Q

Materialist explanation of domestic abuse - Wilkinson & Pickett

A

Domestic violence as the result of stress on family members caused by social inequality
Not all people are equally in danger of suffering domestic violence
Those with less power, status, wealth or income are at greatest risk

75
Q

Materialist explanation of domestic abuse - criticisms

A

Wilkinson & Pickett don’t explain why women rather than men are the main victims

76
Q

marxist feminists explanation of domestic abuse

A

See inequality causing domestic violence
Explains why domestic violence is male violence against male violence against females
Fails to explain why not all males commit acts of violence

77
Q

marxist feminists explanation of domestic abuse - Ansley

A

Wives are ‘takers of shit’
Domestic violence is the product of capitalism

sociology - families & households (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions