Court Cases

Question 0

Stated that collecting income tax was unconstitutional and in result Amendment 16 was established that clarified right of the government to collect taxes.

Answer 0

Pollock v. Farmers Loan and Trust 1895

Question 1

Incorporates 4th Amendment (legal searches and seizures) into states, they follow same rules as national gov’t.
If evidence obtained illegally it must be excluded from the trial.

Answer 1

Mapp v. Ohio 1961

Question 2

Supreme Court decision that established that help to church related schools must pass the “lemon test”

1) have a secular legislative purpose
2) have a primary effect that neither promotes nor prohibits religion
3) no excessive entanglement between state and religion

Answer 2

Lemon v Kurtzman 1971

Question 3

States that public officials and public figures are not allowed to damage your reputation or slander your name.

Answer 3

New York Times v Sullivan 1964

Question 4

Supreme Court decision holding that a state university cannot admit less qualified individuals solely because of their race. The court did not, however, rule that such affirmative action policies and the use of race as a criterion for admission were unconstitutional, only that they had to be formulated differently.

Answer 4

Bakke v Regents of the University of California 1978

Question 5

Court declared that motels were part of state commerce. Meaning that motel owners could not discriminate a certain race

Answer 5

Heart of Atlanta Motel v US 1964

Question 6

Property can be ceased under eminent domain

Answer 6

Kelo v City of New London Connecticut 2005

Question 7

Campaign finance-Money equal free speech. State can’t limit amount of money you spend on your own campaign

Answer 7

Citizens v FEC 2009

Question 8

Applies the first amendment rights (freedom to religion, speech, press, to petition, and right to assemble) to the states through the 14th amendment due process clause. Which protects from impairment by the states as well as the federal government.
“Selective incorporation”

Answer 8

Gitlow v New York 1925

Question 9

Deals with the right to assemble. Civil rights activist groups trying to protest, then the state tried to outlaw but it failed.

Answer 9

Edwards v South Carolina 1963

Question 10

Outlaws government directed prayer in school

Answer 10

Engel v Vitale 1962

Question 11

Gives the right to educate children the way the people want to under 1st amendment freedom of religion is more important then states right to educate (Amish)

Answer 11

Wisconsin v Yoder 1972

Question 12

Declares that government can limit speech if the speech provokes a “clear and present danger” of substantive evils. (A socialist urged young men to resist draft for WWI)
Upholds Espoinage act of 1917

Answer 12

Schenck v US 1919

Question 13

Tried to declare that everyone should salute the flag, but it failed since it went against freedom of religion

Answer 13

West Virginia Board of Education v Barnett 1964

Question 14

Supreme Court struck down a law banning the burning of the American flag on the grounds that such action was symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment

Answer 14

Texas v Johnson 1989

Question 15

Group of highschoolers protesting the Vietnam War with armbands. Were then kicked out. Court declared that students had not went against the law, since it was a part of their right to symbolic speech.

Answer 15

Tinker v Des Moines 1969

Question 16

Supreme Court decision holding that a Pennsylvania law requiring Bible reading in schools violated the establishment clause of the First Amendment.

Answer 16

Abington School District PA the Schempp 1963

Question 17

Declaring that school newspapers and for-profit newspapers needed to be censored

Answer 17

Hazelwood School District v Kuhlmeir

Question 18

Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on all abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother’s health in the second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the third trimester

Answer 18

Roe v Wade 1973

Question 19

Supreme Court decision that permitted the government to jail several American Communist Party leaders under the Smith Act of 1941, A law forbidding advocacy of the violent overthrow of the US government

Answer 19

Dennis v US 1951

Question 20

Senate threw out the law prohibiting the teaching of evolution in schools which dealt with freedom of religion

Answer 20

Epperson v Arkansas 1968

Question 21

Court held that the Federal Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, which forbade the possession of firearms in public schools, exceeded Congress’s constitutional authority to regulate commerce. Overturned the law

Answer 21

US v Lopez 1995

Question 22

Threw out state law that declared it was illegal to sell contraceptives

Answer 22

Griswold v Connecticut 1966

Question 23

First asserted the right of the Supreme Court to determine the meaning of the US Constitution. The decision established the courts power of judicial review over acts of Congress

Answer 23

Marbury v Madison 1803