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CHEMISTRY 1.3 bonding > covalent bonding > Flashcards

covalent bonding Flashcards

1
Q

what is covalent bonding between?

A

2 non metals

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2
Q

what is covalent bonding?

A

the sharing of outer electrons in order for atoms to gain a full shell

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3
Q

what attraction is there between the shared electrons and positive nucleus in covalent bonding?

A

electrostatic attractionwh

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4
Q

what is electrostatic attraction between in covalent bonding?

A

shared electrons and positive nucleus

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5
Q

what are dative covalent / coordinate bonds?

A

when ONE atom donates 2 ELECTRONS to an atom or ion to form a bond

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6
Q

what represents a dative covalent / coordinate bond?

A

an arrow and where the arrow is pointing to shows that its the one gaining electrons

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7
Q

what are examples of giant covalent structures?

A

graphite and diamond

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8
Q

what is the structure of graphite?

A

each carbon bonded 3 times with 4th electron delocalised

strong covalent bonds

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9
Q

what are the properties of graphite?

A

layers can slide over eachother

conduct electricity

low density

high melting point

insoluble

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10
Q

why can layers of graphite slide over eachother easily?

A

weak forces between layers

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11
Q

why does graphite have a high melting point?

A

lots of strong covalent bonds that need a lot of energy to overcome

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12
Q

why can graphite conduct electricity?

A

delocalised electrons between layers that are free to move and carry a charge?

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13
Q

why does graphite have a low density?

A

layers are far apart in comparison to covalent bond length this means it has low density

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14
Q

why is graphite insoluble?

A

covalent bonds are too strong to break

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15
Q

what is the structure of diamond?

A

each carbon bonded 4 times in a tetrahedral shape

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16
Q

what are the properties of diamond?

A

good conductor of heat

cut to make gemstones

very high melting point

doesnt conduct electricity

very hard

17
Q

why is diamond a good conductor of heat ?

A

the tightly packed rigid arrangement allows heat to conduct well

18
Q

why does diamond have a very high melting point?

A

many strong covalent bonds that need a lot of energy to overcome

19
Q

why does diamond not conduct electricity ?

A

doesnt have any delocalised electrons that can carry a charge

20
Q

why is diamond insoluble?

A

covalent bonds are too strong to break

21
Q

state the meaning of the term covalent bond

A

shared pair of electrons

CHEMISTRY 1.3 bonding (6 decks)

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