Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Crime and punishment > Crime > Flashcards

Crime Flashcards

1
Q

What period was the Medieval period?

A

1000-1500
10th-16th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What period was the Early Modern period?

A

1500-1700
16th-17th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What period was the Industrial period?

A

1700-1900
17th-19th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What period is the Modern period?

A

1900-2000 (modern day)
19th-21st century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the context for the Anglo Saxon period (Medieval)?

A
  • Kings made the laws and had a duty to keep peace
  • Church is central - everyone followed Catholic religion
  • Tight knit communities that policed themselves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are Anglo Saxon crimes in order of severity (based off punishment) in that period?

A
  • Crimes against authority ie treason as the person has acted against the power of the king
  • Crimes against property ie arson as it is destroying property of the rich
  • Crimes against a person depending on social standing ie ordinary person murdered punishment would be a fine compared to being hanged for arson and treason
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the context for the Norman period (Medieval)?

A
  • William the Conquerer took over Anglo Saxons after battle of Hastings
  • Clear social structure known as the Feudal system
  • Increase in capital punishments for crimes against Normans to reduce threat of rebellion and protect those in authority
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are new Norman crimes introduced in the Norman period?

A
  • Murdrum in terms of murdering a Norman rather than any person where the hundred would pay a fine to protect Norman authority
  • Forest laws introduced the new crime of poaching where people would need a permit a way for king to exert his power
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the context for the Later Medieval period(Medieval)?

A
  • King’s power increasing
  • The King sometimes worked with the church when it came to crime but increased tensions with law enforcement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are new Later Medieval crimes introduced in this period? Explain each with context.

A
  • Statute of labourers made it a crime to demand higher wages as due to the Black Death there were less peasants the King wanted to stop the poor gaining potential power as grew more of a potential threat to the rich
  • Heresy Laws due to questioning religion when before everyone followed the Catholic religion the King wanted the support of the Church
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What crimes continued in the Later Medieval period?

A
  • Rebellions ie Wyatt Rebellion going against authorities similar to treason going against the power of the King
    -> a threat to authority
  • Murder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What new crimes were introduced in the Early Modern period?(4)

A
  • Witchcraft
  • Vagabondage
  • Smuggling
  • Moral crimes like not attending church on a Sunday due to an increasing influence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Explain witchcraft.

A
  • Lack of scientific knowledge so a Witchcraft act was passed witches burnt on the stake + key individuals: James I who wrote ‘Demonologie’ as he was a Protestant who believed witches were ‘agents of satan’
    -> ie blaming witches for bad harvests
  • Religion: Protestants gaining influence - James I - said witches taking good Christians away from God
  • Hysteria exacerbated by Hopkins who witch hunted by targeting old women (90% of cases were against women): wore them out and identified spots as the ‘devils mark’ which ‘familiars’ like a spider sucked on
  • The enlightenment ended hysteria
    in 1700 due to science and technology advancements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Explain smuggling.

A
  • Import taxes on goods like alcohol and tea
  • Social crime as benefited individuals as had a high demand for these items
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explain vagabondage.

A
  • Key individuals: Henry VII closed the monasteries so an increase in wandering poor as a greater population wanted poor to stay poor and not gain power as growth was a threat to power of authorities
  • Vagrancy Acts passed with harsh punishments like branding with a V fears of rebellion ie Wyatt rebellion done to deter
  • Religion: Protestantism gained influence of the ‘idle poor’
    -> Poor law distinguished deserving poor and placed emphasis on supplies like wool to be given to the poor
  • Advanced technology exacerbated fears about the poor Harman’s book spread by the printing press
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What crimes continued in the Early Modern period and how were they similar and different?

A
  • Poaching: Game Act introduced where hunting for ie hares was illegal still seen as a social crime and a threat to authority as challenged laws
  • Heresy: Monarchs head of the church since the Reformation and more anti catholic laws
    -> Gunpowder plot exacerbated this conflict
17
Q

What is the context of the Industrial period?

A
  • Huge growth in population so new potential crimes and victims
  • Professional police force introduced
18
Q

Explain the new crime of highway robbery introduced in the industrial period.

A
  • More roads so more travelling however these roads were bumpy so many stops which gave an opportunity for robbery on isolated roads
  • No banking systems so people carried money with them
  • Robbers were on horseback and carried a weapon
    -> later improvements in roads meant quicker trips + banking systems meant crime severity lessened
19
Q

What crimes continued in the Industrial period and how were they similar and different?

A
  • Smuggling: taxes on more goods like wine
    new gangs like the Hawkhurst gang but leaders were hanged (rare)
    Over 70% of smugglers were low paid labourers
    William pit lowered import taxes
    Still viewed as a social crime
  • Poaching: only landowners with more than £100 worth of land could hunt anywhere
    Black Act made owning snares and disguising your face a capital crime
    Diets more sophisticated so gangs grew
    Still viewed as a social crime and later repealed the Black Act
20
Q

What new crimes were introduced in the Modern period?

A
  • Hate crimes
  • Car crimes
  • Drugs
  • Computer crimes
21
Q

Explain hate crimes.

A

Changed public attitudes so now have laws to protect victims
-> no longer unequal treatment based on social status

22
Q

Explain car crimes.

A

Advanced technology so now cars available, crimes such as: drink driving, car theft and joyriding have increased
-> different to previous transport crimes like Highway Robbery but highlights how transport is an easy passage for crime

23
Q

Explain computer crimes.

A

Advanced technology so now easier ways to carry out ie fraud.

24
Q

What crimes continued in the Modern period and explain how they were similar and different.

A
  • Murder: no longer valued particular lives, everyone treated equally
  • Theft and burglary: development of department stores means more opportunities to commit crime unlike vagabonds who had to take anything they could
  • Terrorism intensified due to advancements in technology and transport ie 9/11 with planes
    continuity from Gunpowder Plot and Guy Fawkes in 1605
  • Smuggling still a high demand for alcohol but now an increase in drugs with over twenty tonnes of cocaine smuggled each year - not necessarily a social crime as causes problems in society like drug abuse
25
Q

What were Conscientious Objectors?

A

People who rejected fighting for moral reasons

26
Q

Explain how Conscientious Objectors were treated in WW1 vs WW2.

A

WW1: Government gave harsh treatment who faced solitary confinement and hard labour with 73 dead by the end
Tribunals were biased as had ex soldiers
WW2: Government less harsh and gave alternative work straight away
Tribunal more fair as didn’t have ex soldiers
Public opinions stayed the same: CO’s attacked in the street physically and verbally and called out for ‘cowardice’ + many sacked from jobs

Crime and punishment (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions