Crime And Punishment Flashcards
0
Q
Why was transportation introduced?
A
- alternative to hanging
- deterrence - America 1680-1776
Australia 1780-1868 - allowing criminals to reform
- allowed for removal of criminals
- allowed Britain to strengthen colonial claim
1
Q
Major changes to punishment
1800s
A
- imprisonment became normal punishment
- reforming prisoners became aim of punishment
- government became more involved
2
Q
Intro bloody code
A
- fear of crime
- changes in society
- MPs=landowners
- attitudes to punishment changing
- policing not working
3
Q
End of bloody code
1820s-1830s
A
- juries wouldn’t convict
- punishments working
- ideas about punishment changing
4
Q
Why opposition to police force?
A
- worried it’d cost too much
- fears of invasion of privacy
- limitation of freedom
- simply wouldn’t work
5
Q
Motives for crime
A
- need
- gain
- influence
- impulse
- belief
6
Q
Motives for punishment
A
- retribution/revenge
- reform
- restitution
- removal
- deterrence
7
Q
S->A->D-
A
Changes in society..
Leads to
Changes in attitudes..
Leads to
Changes in definition
Of crime
8
Q
Transportation abolished
1868
A
- Australia didn’t need more labourers
- prison systems in UK improving
- became too expensive
- no longer seen as deterrent
- seen as too harsh a punishment
9
Q
The powerful/rich protect these when making laws
A
- power
- prosperity
- property
- position
10
Q
Crime rates unreliable?
A
- dark figure
- media exaggeration
- crackdowns
- new laws, new crimes
- ‘cuffing’ making crimes disappears
11
Q
Problems with prisons
1700s
A
- prisons mixed gendered
- overcrowded
- 60% prisoners debtors
- school of crime
- wardens paid out of prisoners fees
- lack of ventilation, furniture and toilets
- diseases spread easily
12
Q
Three prison reformers
A
- John Howard
- Elizabeth Fry
- Robert Peel
13
Q
Key world history dates
A
- 1770 - Australia discovered
- 1776 - American independence
- 1789 - French Revolution
- 1816 - battle of Waterloo - peterloo massacre
14
Q
Invention of printing
A
- broadsheets sensationalising crimes
- linked with witchcraft, highwaymen, vagrancy
- caused fear of crime
