csd ch 11

Question 1

GER gastroesophageal reflux

Answer 1

the movement of food or acid back into the esophagus; can result from problems/weakness relating to the anatomy of swallowing

Question 2

4 stages of normal swallowing:

Answer 2

oral preparation, oral, pharyngeal, esophageal

Question 3

bolus

Answer 3

a substance that is to be digested

Question 4

22q11.2 deletion syndrome (velocardiofacial syndrome)

Answer 4

frequent congenital heart defects, causing poor feeding endurance, reducing total volume of oral intake

Question 5

pierre robin sequence (prs)

Answer 5

congenital; small underdeveloped jaw, leads to retracted/elevated tongue & cleft palate, airway compromise

Question 6

treacher collins syndrome (tcs)

Answer 6

inherited disorder; causes severe anatomical abnormalities of the head and face (cleft lip/palate) airway compromise

Question 7

tracheostomy

Answer 7

surgical procedure that involves creating a hole in the trachea and inserting a tube, enabling the infant to breathe

Question 8

hiv/aids

Answer 8

(human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) hiv causes aids. infects white blood cells, brain, skin, other tissues.

Question 9

odynophagia

Answer 9

painful swallowing (hiv positive children)

Question 10

silent aspiration

Answer 10

aspiration with no apparent sign/response

Question 11

aspiration pneumonia

Answer 11

respiratory infection caused when food/liquid enters the lungs

Question 12

ms multiple sclerosis

Answer 12

cns disorder; affects cranial nerves, cerebellum, spinal cord. unknown cause, typically characterized by periods of both relapse/remission.

Question 13

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 13

involuntary repetitive facial, tongue, or limb movements; can be caused by antipsychotics

Question 14

a primary indication of dysphagia in infants:

Answer 14

failure to thrive

Question 15

vallecula

Question 16

rooting

Answer 16

turning to the direction of a cheek that is touched

Question 17

aryepiglottic fold

Question 18

cervical auscultation

Answer 18

placing a stethoscope on the client’s neck at the level of the vocal folds, used to assess the efficiency of the pharyngeal phase of swallowing

Question 19

video flouroscopy (modified barium swallow study)

Answer 19

barium injected into substances for client to consume, monitored by x ray

Question 20

scintigraphy

Answer 20

computerized method used for adults to track the movement of bolus and the amount of residue in the oropharynx, pharynx, larynx, or trachea.

Question 21

ultrasounds/ultrasonography

Answer 21

imaging technique that uses sound waves at a frequency that is inaudible to human ears, over 20k hertz.

Question 22

chin tuck posture is recommended for patients with

Answer 22

delayed pharyngeal swallow

Question 23

head back position is used for patients with

Answer 23

poor tongue mobility

Question 24

head tilt/head rotation postures are used for

Answer 24

individuals with impairments on one side