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Sociology- Culture, socialisation, identity > Culture > Flashcards

Culture Flashcards

1
Q

What is sociology?

A

The study of human behaviour and organisations in a society

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2
Q

What shapes human behaviour?

A

Culture, agents of socialisation, identity

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3
Q

What are the agents of socialisation?

A
  • Peers
  • Family
  • Religion
  • Media
  • Education
  • Work place
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4
Q

What factors make up identity?

A
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Sexuality
  • Disability
  • Ethnicity
  • Social class
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5
Q

What is culture?

A

The entire learned and shared way of life of a particular society (includes the behaviour and beliefs of a group)

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6
Q

What are some examples of culture?

A

Islamic culture (certain diet and dress), British culture (English language)

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7
Q

What are norms?

A

The social rules that define the expected and acceptable behaviours, based on values, of a society

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8
Q

What are some examples of norms?

A

Knocking on a door before entering, queueing, eating food with knife and fork (UK)

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9
Q

What are values?

A

Beliefs and ideas about what is desirable and important within a society

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10
Q

What are some examples of values?

A

Uk= life, success, family, wealth, fairness

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11
Q

What are the features of a culture?

A

Language, accent, race, religion, the law, norms, values, roles, diet, dress, flags/symbols, social class

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12
Q

What did Woodward say about the culture of society?

A

The culture of a society is based on shared meanings, values and practices

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13
Q

What did Williams say about culture?

A

Culture is the entire shared way of life of a society

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14
Q

What is INTERcultural diversity?

A

Diversity BETWEEN cultures, e.g. international football game

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15
Q

What is INTRAcultural diversity?

A

Diversity WITHIN a culture, e.g. hen and stag dos

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16
Q

What did Mead study?

A

1930s. Studied a range of cultures. Three tribes in New Guinea- each had a different view on gender

17
Q

What were the Arapesh tribe like?

A
  • Men and women displayed similar behaviours to each other
  • Feminine personalities- cooperative, sensitive
  • No arguments
  • Simple and kind culture
18
Q

What were the Mundugumor tribe like?

A
  • Cannibals and headhunters
  • Males and females were similar
  • Masculine feature- assertive, insensitive
  • Violent, jealous, hostile
19
Q

What were the Tchambuli tribe like?

A
  • Male and female personalities
  • Women= bossy, assertive
  • Men= quiet, emotional
  • Artistic tribe
20
Q

What do functionalists believe?

A
  • Durkheim
  • Culture and identity needed for the socialisation process
  • Collective conscience (shared way of thinking)
21
Q

What do marxists believe?

A
  • Marx
  • Societies are economically based
  • Ruling class takes control of the subject class (manipulation)
21
Q

What is conspicuous consumption?

A

The buying of branded/logoed goods

21
Q

What is commodity fetishism?

A

A strong desire for a manufactured product

22
Q

What is the marxist view on shopping?

A
  • Benefits ruling class
  • Promotes capitalism
  • Exploits the subject class
22
Q

What is the functionalist view on shopping?

A
  • Cultural norm
  • Improves the economy
  • Promotes businesses
  • Leads to a stable, harmonious and ordered society
23
Q

What is cultural relativity?

A

Culture is relative from time to time, place to place, culture to culture

24
Q

What are some examples of cultural relativity?

A

Time to time= abortion, homosexuality, rape
Place to place= public smoking, nudity, underage drinking
Culture to culture= diet, dress, smoking cannabis

25
Q

What is subculture?

A
  • Culture within a culture
  • Smaller group of people who share distinctive norms and values
  • Durkheim
  • E.g. goth, emo, skater
26
Q

What is high culture?

A
  • Associated with wealthy elite
  • Upper class members
  • Contrasts popular culture
  • Leavis (1930s)
  • E.g. ballet, polo, hunting,
27
Q

What is popular culture?

A
  • Activities enjoyed by the masses of society
  • Cultural products are heavily influenced by the media
  • Results in consumerism
  • Strinati
  • E.g. football, Hollywood, pop music
28
Q

What is consumer culture?

A
  • Goods and services we buy and consume in society
  • Identity becomes defined by the things we consume
  • Lury (1996)
  • E.g. conspicuous consumption, shopping becoming leisure
29
Q

What is global culture?

A
  • The growing cultural influences that connect countries
  • Cultural products become common in many different countries they did not originate from
  • Intensify social relations
  • McLuhan (1989)
  • E.g. Mcdonalds, Coca Cola, Nike
30
Q

What is cultural hybridity?

A
  • Merging of multiple cultures
  • Uk= hybrid, as it contains a variety of cultures
  • E.g. Brasians, see in music, food, fashion
31
Q

What is multiculturalism?

A
  • Promotion of cultural diversity
  • Relates to patterns of migration, promotes ethnic diversity
  • Celebrates ethnic differences
  • Parekh (2006), Barker (2003)
  • E.g. China town in the UK
32
Q

What is cultural diversity?

A
  • Different cultural groups in society
  • Culturally embedded
  • Parekh (2006)
  • E.g. class, gender, ethnicity

Sociology- Culture, socialisation, identity (13 decks)

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