Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bacteriology1 > Culture Media > Flashcards

Culture Media Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of Culture Medium

A

žAccording to physical state

ž

According to manner of dispensing

ž

According to composition

ž

According to function or use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

According to Physical State

A

žLiquid Culture medium

Semi-solid culture medium

Solid Culture medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

  • Contains no solidifying agent
  • Can be broth , infusions or milk
  • Ex. Thioglycollate broth-

can support the growth of aerobic, anaerobic and facultative organisms.

A

Liquid Culture medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • contains 0.5%-1.5% agar ex. SIM
  • Transport medium (Clair & Blair, Amie’s)
A

žSemi-solid culture medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • contains 2-5% agar
    • can be liquefiable & non liquefiable.

Liquefiable-commercially prepared media/dehydrated media.

Non-liquefiable- rice grain (for Microsporum audouinii)

                     cooked meat ( for anaerobes)

                     potato slice (for Trichophyton)

žSolid Culture medium

A

žSolid Culture medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • on petri dishes (20ml)
    • ex. BAP,McConkey, CAP,EMB
    • on test tubes (3-5 ml)
    • can be butt, slant, or butt/slant
  • inoculation by stabbing
  • inoculation by streaking
  • inoculation by stabbing and streaking
A
  1. žPlated culture medium
    - on petri dishes (20ml)
    - ex. BAP,McConkey, CAP,EMB

ž2. Tubed culture medium

  • on test tubes (3-5 ml)
  • can be butt, slant, or butt/slant

Butt- inoculation by stabbing

Slant- inoculation by streaking

Stab/Streak- inoculation by stabbing and streaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

iii. According to composition

A

žSynthetic or Chemically Defined Culture Medium

ž Complex or Non-Synthetic culture medium

ž Tissue Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • known or exact composition of the culture
    medium.
A

žSynthetic or Chemically Defined Culture Medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

  • culture med. in which at least one component
    is not chemically defined (not pure or not

represented by a chemical formula)
A

žComplex or Non-Synthetic culture medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

  • for organisms that cannot grow onartificial cm or cell free medium.(Viruses,
    Rickettsia, Chlamydia)

ex McCoy cells- for Chlamydia; derived from mouse cell line

A

žTissue Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

IV. According to function or use

A
  1. Simple /Basal/ Supportive/General Isolation/

General Purpose c.m.

  1. Enriched c.m.
  2. Enrichment c.m.
  3. . Selective culture medium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  • supports the growth of non-fastidious org.
    (pathogen/non-pathogen)

  Ex. NB,NA TSA,TSB, BHI
A

1.Simple /Basal/ Supportive/General Isolation/

 General Purpose c.m.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  • supports the growth of fastidious org.
        Ex.  BAP, CAP
A

​

  1. Enriched c.m.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • enhances the growth of pathogen in a specific medium wherein the number of pathogens is outnumbered by the number of non-pathogen. (ex. Stool specimen)Ex. - for Vibrio species
      – for Salmonella & Shigella

   – Salmonella & Shigella
A
  1. Enrichment c.m.

Ex. APW (Alkaline Peptone Water)- for Vibrio species

   Selenite F Broth – for Salmonella & Shigella

   Tetrathionate broth – Salmonella & Shigella
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  • selects the growth of the desired organisms and at the same time inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms.
    • contains inhibitors.
A
  1. Selective culture medium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inhibitors for Gram (+) organisms:

A
  • Crystal violet - Bile Salts
    - Gentian violet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

žInhibitors for Gram (-) organisms

ž

A
  • Potassium tellurite - Sodium Azide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ž Inhibiting for swarming of Proteus.

A
  • Alcohol & chloral hydrate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Selective culture medium EXAMPLES

           - for MTb
            - contains malachite green to prevent

              contamination
  • for Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • contains Potassium tellurite to inhibit
  • Gram negative organism

– for fungi

  • its acid pH (5.6) inhibits most bacteria

= for Neisseria gonorrheae

A

Petragnani, Middlebook,Lowenstein-Jennsen

           - for MTb
            - contains malachite green to prevent

              contamination

** Mueller Tellurite**

  • for Corynebacterium diphtheriae
    - contains Potassium tellurite to inhibit
                  Gram negative organism

** Saboraud Dextrose agar**

– for fungi

          - its acid pH (5.6) inhibits most bacteria

Thayer-Martin/Modified Thayer –Martin/ Martin-Lewis/ New York City Agar

= for Neisseria gonorrheae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

– are basically simple media that

supports most non-fastidious bacteria.

ž – Addition of extra nutrients in the

      form of blood, serum, egg yolk etc. to basal medium makes them enriched media. exacting (fastidious) bacteria.
A

Basal media — Peptone water, nutrient broth and nutrient agar

Enriched media: — Blood agar, chocolate agar, Loeffler’s serum slope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

are designed to inhibit unwanted commensal or contaminating bacteria and help to recover pathogen from a mixture of bacteria.

While \_\_ are agar based, enrichment media are liquid in consistency. Both   these media serve the same purpose. Any agar media can be made selective by addition of certain inhibitory agents that don’t affect the pathogen. Various approaches to make a medium selective include addition of   antibiotics, dyes, chemicals, alteration of pH or a  combination of these.

selects the growth of the desired organisms and at the same time inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms.- contains inhibitors.

A

Selective and enrichment media

Selective culture medium-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

are liquid media that also serves to inhibit commensals in the clinical specimen.

___ are used to recover pathogens from fecal specimens.

ž

A

Enrichment media

Selenite F broth, tetrathionate broth and alkaline peptone water (APW)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Certain media are designed in such a way that different bacteria can be recognized on the basis of their colony colour. Various approaches include incorporation of dyes, metabolic substrates etc, so that those bacteria that utilize them appear as differently coloured colonies. Example’s:

A

Differential media or indicator media:

MacConkey’s agar, CLED agar, TCBS agar, XLD agar etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Clinical specimens must be transported to the laboratory immediately after collection to prevent overgrowth of contaminating organisms or commensals. Such media prevent drying (desiccation) of specimen, maintain the pathogen to commensal ratio and inhibit overgrowth of unwanted bacteria.

žSome of these media are: ž

–are semi-solid in consistency. Addition of charcoal serves to neutralize inhibitory factors. ž

–is used to transport feces from suspected cholera patients.

–is used to transport feces from patients suspected to be suffering from bacillary dysentery.

A

Transport media:

Stuart’s & Amie’s

Cary Blair medium ž

Sach’s buffered glycerol saline

25
Q

need special media for growth because they need low oxygen content, reduced oxidation –reduction potential and extra nutrients.

Media for ___ may have to be supplemented with nutrients like _ AND _ . Boiling the medium serves to expel any dissolved oxygen.

A

Anaerobic media: Anaerobic bacteria

hemin and vitamin K

26
Q

Addition of _ _ _ _ or _ can render a medium reduced. _ cooked meat that commonly used to grow _ contain a 2.5 cm column of _ meat and 15 ml of nutrient broth.

Before use the medium must be boiled in water bath to expel any dissolved oxygen and then sealed with _ .

___ is an oxidation-reduction potential indicator that is incorporated in the ___ medium . Under reduced condition, _______.

A

1% glucose, 0.1% thioglycollate, 0.1% ascorbic acid, 0.05% cysteine or red hot iron filings

Robertson

Clostridium spp. medium

bullock heart

sterile liquid paraffin

Methylene blue orresazurin

thioglycollate

methylene blue is colourless

27
Q

__ - žboth selective and differential. žIt contains __, which inhibit the growth of _ bacteria and select for _ bacteria.

__, which allows differentiation of

_ bacteria based on their ability

to ferment \_.

pH indicator _, and produce a _

color.

ž

A

žMacConkey agar

bile salts dye crystal violet

gram-positive

gram-negative

lactose

gram-negative

neutral red

pink

28
Q
A

žuninoculated MAC

29
Q
A

mac

30
Q
A

Tryptic soy agar with and without Sheep Blood

31
Q
A

BAP

Normal Upper respiratory flora mixed with Streptococcus species. (The presence of beta-hemolytic colonies indicates the possibility of Streptococcus pyogenes infection.

32
Q
A

Cled- cystine lactose electrolyte defficient agar

33
Q

is recommended for the isolation, enumeration, and presumptive identification of urinary pathogens on the basis of lactose fermentation, while controlling the swarming of __

A

žHardy Diagnostics CLED Agar

Proteus spp.

34
Q

CLED

Lactose

Pancreatic Digest of Gelatin

Pancreatic Digest of Casein

Beef Extract

L-Cystine

Bromothymol Blue

Agar

A
  1. 0gm
  2. 0gm
  3. 0gm
  4. 0gm
  5. 128gm
  6. 02gm
  7. 0gm
35
Q

For Nei. gon.

Organisms Inhibited

Thayer Martin

Modified Thayer-Martin

Martin-Lewis

New York City Agar

A

Gram (+)

Vancomycin

Vancomycin

Vancomycin

Vancomycin

36
Q

For Neisseria gonorrheae

Organisms Inhibited

Thayer Martin

Modified Thayer-Martin

Martin-Lewis

New York City Agar

A

Gram(-)

Colistin

Colistin

Colistin

Colistin

37
Q

For Neisseria gonorrheae

Organisms Inhibited

Thayer Martin

Modified Thayer-Martin

Martin-Lewis

New York City Agar

A

Fungi

Nystatin

Nystatin

Amphotericin B

Anisomycin

38
Q

For Neisseria gonorrheae

Organisms Inhibited

Thayer Martin

Modified Thayer-Martin

Martin-Lewis

New York City Agar

A

Swarming of Proteus

none

Trimethoprim lactate

Trimethoprim lactate

Trimethoprim lactate

39
Q

should appear opaque, and brown in color

A

Thayer Martin, Modified Agar should appear opaque, and brown in color

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ATCC® 43069) colonies growing on Thayer Martin, Modified Agar (Cat. no. E30). Incubated in CO2 for 48 hours at 35 deg. C.

40
Q
A

Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC® 12228) growth inhibited on Thayer Martin, Modified Agar (Cat. no. E30). Incubated in CO2 for 48 hours at 35 deg. C.

41
Q

žFor Staphylococcus aureus

– sugar

– pH indicator

acid-

 alkaline –

– inhibitor

Mannitol fermenters –

also a differential medium for Staph.species

Mannitol fermenters –

Non- mannitol fermenters –

A

Mannitol salt agar

žFor Staphylococcus aureus

žMannitol – sugar

            **     Phenol red** – pH indicator

                         acid- **yellow**

                         alkaline – **red**

         **         7.5% salt** – inhibitor

   also a differential medium for Staph.species

Mannitol fermenters –**  yellow colonies**

** (Staph.aureus)**

Non- mannitol fermenters –   **red/pink colonies**

** (S. epidermidis/ S. saprophythicus)**

42
Q
A

Mannitol salt agar

43
Q
A

msa

44
Q

žFor Vibrio species

Content:

– sugar

– indicator

  Acid – 

Alkaline –

also a differential medium for Vibrio species

Sucrose fermenters-

Non- Sucrose fermenters –

A

Thiosulfate citrate bile salt agar (tcbs)

žFor Vibrio species

žThiosulfate Citrate Bile salt

 * *             Sucrose** – sugar   * *                Bromthymol blue** – indicator

                     Acid – **Yellow**

                     Alkaline – **Blue**

also a differential medium for Vibrio species

Sucrose fermenters- **yellow colonies( Vibrio **

** cholerae / Vibrio alginolyticus)**

Non- Sucrose fermenters – Green colonies (Vibrio parahemolyticus)

45
Q

For Salmonella typhi

žOrganisms appear as ____ _____ with metallic sheen

A

Bismuth sulfite agar

Black colony

46
Q

BSA For Salmonella typhi

Appearance of Colonies

Black centre, light edges surrounded by a black precipitate with metallic sheen (so-called rabbit’s or fish-eye)

Small, green to brown, sometimes mucoid

A

Microorganisms

Salmonella with the exception of S. parathyphi A. and S. pullorum

Coliform bacteria, Serratia, Proteus and others

47
Q
A

BSA

48
Q

pH indicators

3

acid –yellow; alkaline – red

acid – red ; Alkaline – yellow

acid – yellow, alkaline-blue.

A

1.Phenol red = acid –yellow; alkaline – red

2.Neutral red = acid – red ; Alkaline – yellow

3.Bromthymol blue = acid – yellow, alkaline-blue.

49
Q

ž are Gram negative bacilli ž

all are Glucose fermenters ž

some are Lactose fermenters

A

Enterobacteriaceae

50
Q

Classification of Enterobacteriaceae

A

** Rapid** Lactose Fermenters

** Late** Lactose Fermenters

** Non**-Lactose Fermenters

51
Q

Eosin methylene blue(emb)

žContent :

– pH indicator

– sugar(CHO)

Lactose fermenters –

Non- lactose fermenters -

Characteristic colonies:

– pink colony with greenish metallic sheen

  • pink, mucoid colony

– pink colony with dark center because of the precipitation of the dye; also termed as _____ on EMB

A

žContent : Eosin Y – pH indicator

             * *Methylene blue**
      * *       Lactose –** sugar(CHO)

Lactose fermenters – dark pink to purple colonies

Non- lactose fermenters - colorless colonies

Characteristic colonies:

E.coli – pink colony with greenish metallic sheen

Klebsiella- pink, mucoid colony

Enterobacter – pink colony with dark center because of the precipitation of the dye; also termed as fish-eyed colony on EMB

52
Q

žDifferentiates Salmonella and Shigella

A

Hektoen enteric agar

53
Q

Hektoen enteric agar

žContent :

– sugars

Bromthymol blue ( Acid-

   Alkaline –)

– H2S indicator

  • colonies

– sulfur source

A

žContent :

Bile salt

** Lactose, Sucrose, Salicin** – sugars

 **   Bromthymol blue** ( Acid- **yellow;**

                                 Alkaline –**blue**)

** Ferric Ammonium Citrate** – H2S indicator

       **(+) Colonies with black center**

** Sodium thiosulfate** – sulfur source

54
Q

žSelective and differential media for Salmonella and Shigella

A

Salmonella shigella agar(SSA)

55
Q

Salmonella shigella agar(SSA)

žContent:

– sugar

– pH indicator

Acid –

Alkaline –

– H2S indicator

– sulfur source

Salmonella= __, H2S _ ; ___

Shigella= “

A

žContent:

** Lactose** – sugar

** Neutral red –** pH indicator

                     Acid – **red**

                    Alkaline – **yellow**

** Ferric Citrate** – H2S indicator

    **      Sodium thiosulfate** – sulfur source

Salmonella= NLF, H2S(+); colorless with black

** center**

Shigella= NLF, H2S(-); colorless colony without black center

56
Q

žMedium used for antimicrobial testing

žpH 7.2 – 7.4

žAgar depth is 4mm

A

Mueller-hinton agar (MHA)

57
Q

Media for biochemical testing examples

A

ž TSI **( Triple sugar Agar) ž **

LIA **(Lysine Iron Agar)**
58
Q
A

Bacteriology1 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions