cumulative exam Flashcards
Who was Bartolomé de las Casas? What did he argue about the treatment of Indigenous people?
Bartolomé de las Casas, sickened by the exploitation and physical degradation of the indigenous peoples in the Spanish colonies of the Caribbean, gave up his extensive land holdings and slaves and traveled to his homeland in Spain in 1515 to petition the Spanish Crown to stop the abuses that European colonists were inflicting upon the natives of the New World.
Where in the current United States did Spain colonize the most?
Florida, California, and the Southwest region of the United States
What sort of labor systems were used by the Spanish during colonization?
The Spanish labor systems were methods used by the Spanish colonizers to exploit the indigenous populations in their colonies, primarily for mining and agricultural work. These included the encomienda, repartimiento, and hacienda systems. The encomienda was a Spanish labour system that rewarded conquerors with the labour of conquered non-Christian peoples.
Who was Jonathan Edwards?
He played a pivotal role in the revival that is known as the First Great Awakening. He was recognised for his towering intellect and many people still consider him to be the greatest mind America has ever produced, though technically he lived before America was a country.
What effect did the First Great Awakening have on the way people practiced or adhered to hardcore religious beliefs?
The First Great Awakening caused a split between those who followed the evangelical message—the New Lights—and those who rejected it—the Old Lights. The elite ministers in British America were firmly Old Lights, and they censured the new revivalism as chaos. While the movement unified the colonies and boosted church growth, experts say it also caused division among those who supported it and those who rejected it. Many historians claim that the Great Awakening influenced the Revolutionary War by encouraging the notions of nationalism and individual rights.
What was the Join or Die cartoon?
Join, or Die was a political cartoon and woodcut created by Benjamin Franklin in 1754. It was designed to unite the American colonies against the French and their Native allies at the start of the French and Indian War. It is thought to be the first political cartoon that advocated unification of the colonies.
What was the Albany Plan of Union? The type of government was suggested in the Albany Plan of Union? What was the reaction to the Albany Plan of Union?
The Albany Plan of Union was a plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government. Despite the support of many colonial leaders, the plan, as formulated at Albany, did not become a reality. Colonial governments, sensing that it would curb their own authority and territorial rights, either rejected the plan or chose not to act on it at all
What were the Federalist Papers?
The Federalist Papers was a collection of essays written by John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton in 1788. The essays urged the ratification of the United States Constitution, which had been debated and drafted at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787.
What are examples of “checks and balances” in the government.
The legislative branch makes laws, but the President in the executive branch can veto those laws with a Presidential Veto. The legislative branch makes laws, but the judicial branch can declare those laws unconstitutional.
How many presidents have been impeached and when?
The presidents impeached by the House were: Andrew Johnson in 1868. William Jefferson (Bill) Clinton in 1998. Donald John Trump in 2019 and 2021.
What was the Market Revolution? What effect did it have on U.S. society? What regions were affected the most?
It introduced factory labor, shifted the economy from barter to wages, and connected the U.S. to global markets. This period also saw the Second Great Awakening, a religious revival possibly triggered by these societal changes. Northern cities started to have a more powerful economy, while most southern cities (with the marked exception of free labor metropolises like St. Louis, Baltimore, and New Orleans) resisted the influence of market forces in favor of the region’s slave system.
Who was Andrew Jackson? How did his presidency reflect a change in U.S. politics?
In 1835, Jackson became the only president to pay off the national debt. He survived the first assassination attempt on a sitting president. In one of his final presidential acts, he recognized the Republic of Texas. Jackson boldly cast himself as the people’s tribune, their sole defender against special interests and their minions in Congress. In other ways, too, Jackson expanded the scope of presidential authority. He dominated his cabinet, forcing out members who would not execute his commands.
How did Jackson feel about the Bank of the United States and why?
the Bank was “unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive to the rights of States, and dangerous to the liberties of the people. He blamed the bank for the Panic of 1819 and for corrupting politics with too much money.
What was the Wilmot Proviso? What effect did it have on political parties?
The Wilmot Proviso highlighted competing economic interests that inflamed North-South tensions around the topic of slavery, pushed the country closer to the Civil War, and continued to divide America well after the ratification of the 13th Amendment. The Wilmot Proviso, proposed in August, 1846, was a bill that would ban slavery in the territories that were gained after the war with Mexico.
What is “slavery by another name?”
reconstruction and sharecropping
