D&T

Question 1

Need definition

Answer 1

Planning/ Problem situation/ Existing products/ Design brief & specs

Question 2

realization

Answer 2

Planning/ Working drawings

Question 3

Research

Answer 3

Primary & Secondary sources/ Onsite visits/ Surveys/ Data collection

Question 4

Ideation

Answer 4

SCAMPER/ Shape borrowing/ Friends of product/ Morphological product

Question 5

Development

Answer 5

Further considerations & improvements/ Ergonomics & Anthropometry/ Technology/ Materials/ Jointing & assembly

Question 6

Gantt charts

Answer 6

: used in planning of projects
-Plan activities needed for tasks
-Plan resources required for the project
-Schedule activities when they are carried out
-Monitor amount of time left to complete the project/ whether the project is on schedule.

Question 7

Activities

Answer 7

: can be sequential or parallel
-Sequential activities are activities that can only start when the previous activity is completed.
-parallel activities do not depend on the completion of different tasks.

Question 8

Flow chart

Answer 8

shows everything that needs to be done from start to finish to make your design.

Question 9

symbols for flow chart

Answer 9

curve rectangle–>start and finish of process.
rectangle–>general process
diamond–>decision-making process
parallelogram–>input/output

Question 10

Primary sources research

Answer 10

: documents or physical objects which were written or created during the project.
E.g. Onsite research, Surveys,
Interviews, Data collections.

Question 11

Secondary sources research

Answer 11

:interprets & analyzes primary sources.
E.g. textbooks, magazine articles, encyclopedias, internet articles, Newspaper cuttings

Question 12

Design brief

Answer 12

A clear statement of the design task and its requirements.

Question 13

Design specs

Answer 13

A detailed listing of requirements, setting out exactly
what the product must do and the limits which it should be designed.

Question 14

Ideation techniques

Answer 14

SCAMPER , Shape Borrowing, “Friends of the
Product”, Morphological Analysis, Attribute listing, Relay Thinking

Question 15

SCAMPER

Answer 15

Substitute
Combine
Adapt
Modify, magnifyy, Minify
Put to other uses
Eliminate
Reverse, Re-arrange

Question 16

Evaluating Existing Products

Answer 16

➢ functions
➢ materials
➢ manufacture
➢ ergonomics
➢ aesthetics
➢ cost etc.
comparison will highlight the features of the different designs, and
may help to identify new design opportunities.

Question 17

good evaluation of design solution will reveal:

Answer 17

how well the design solution meets the needs identified in the design brief;
how the design can be improved or made;
how well the design solution satisfies the design specification

Question 18

Making Decisions

Answer 18

PMI (Plus, Minus, Interesting)
SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats)

Question 19

A mock-up

Answer 19

normally made during development to help the designer
to
a) determine the critical dimensions
b) test mechanisms or interesting features before constructing them with
the
actual materials.

Question 20

Designers use the following models to help them communicate different
types
of information:

Answer 20

Block models give an impression of the overall look of a product
● Development models are made by folding and joining paper, card and
other sheet materials.
● Experimental models are used to check whether a design will work as
expected.
● Working models are used to check whether the mechanisms or electronic
circuits behave as required by the actual product.
● Prototype models represent the proposed design as closely as possible.
● Computer models allow designers to see how the product looks like from
different angles.

● Construction kits are useful for trying out ideas that involve mechanisms,
electronics or structures.
❖ Advantages:➢ parts are ready-made and are precision engineered;
➢ parts are relatively quick to assemble;
➢ parts are reusable; and
➢ the models can look attractive.
❖ Disadvantages:
➢ models are restricted by the sizes and shapes of the
component parts;
➢ some kits are expensive;
➢ models are not permanent because certain components may
be needed by other people; and
➢ components can be lost easily when taken apart.