Data Gathering

Question 1

Physical gathering methods:

Answer 1

Beach profile, microclimate analysis, pebble/sediment analysis, slope analysis, soil analysis, stream analysis and vegetation analysis

Question 2

Human gathering methods:

Answer 2

EQS, interviews, pedestrian and traffic surveys, questionnaires and land use mapping

Question 3

Three types of sampling:

Answer 3

+ random
+ systematic (regular intervals)
+ stratified (specific characteristics)

Question 5

How do you carry out a beach profile?

Answer 5

Ranging poles placed at each peak and trough, measuring tape stretched between them, clinometer held at red line

Question 6

Consideration of a beach profile:

Answer 6

+ tides
+ weather (wind or rain)
+ ranging poles must be held straight and placed in the sand at a constant depth

Question 7

How do you carry out a microclimate analysis?

Answer 7

You must record:
\+ temperature (thermometer)
\+ wind speed (anemometer)
\+ humidity (hygrometer)
\+ soil moisture (moisture meter)
Etc...

Question 8

Considerations of a microclimate analysis:

Answer 8

+ the effects of vegetation
+ buildings
+ seasonal changes

Question 9

How would you process the data found in a microclimate analysis?

Answer 9

Polar graph for wind
Line graph for temperature
Bar graph for rain

Question 10

How do you carry out a pebble/sediment analysis?

Answer 10

Place quadrant, collect sediment, measure with calliper and use power scale index to classify

Question 11

How do you process sediment analysis data?

Answer 11

+ power scale index as divided bar graph

+ Zing classification

Question 12

How do you carry out a slope analysis?

Answer 12

Same as a beach profile

Question 13

Considerations of slope analysis:

Answer 13

+ stratified sampling used to record significant gradient changes

Question 14

How do you carry out a stream analysis?

Answer 14

Measure the width of the river, measure the river depth, calculate velocity with floating item and collect sediment with water bottle

Question 15

Considerations of a stream analysis:

Answer 15

+ safety near water

+ rainfall events and patterns

Question 16

How would you process data gathered from a stream analysis?

Answer 16

+ cross section
+ line graph for velocity
+ line graph for deposition

Question 17

How do you carry out a vegetation analysis?

Answer 17

Place quadrat, record vegetation cover in one square, use identification sheet to indentify all species

Question 18

Considerations of a vegetation analysis:

Answer 18

+ carry out when plants are flowering and visit,e
+ take photos
+ random sampling

Question 19

How would you present vegetation analysis data?

Answer 19

+ kite diagram for cover

+ divided bar graph for species

Question 20

How do you carry out an environmental quality survey?

Answer 20

Create a table on iPad, visit site, rank each factor from 1 to 5 and then create total score

Question 21

Considerations of an EQS:

Answer 21

+ data is subjective
+ assumptions may be based on prior conceptions
+ same person must carry out the survey at all of the sites

Question 22

How would you process an EQS?

Answer 22

Use bipolar analysis

Question 23

How do you conduct interviews?

Answer 23

Prepare questions, ask members of public, tape record or write down answers and maintain social distancing

Question 24

Considerations of an interview:

Answer 24

+ hard to analyse statistically
+ time consuming
+ increasingly detailed results

Question 25

How would you process interview responses?

Answer 25

Quote

Question 26

How do you carry out pedestrian or traffic surveys?

Answer 26

Go to point of interest, use click counter to record number, record on recording sheet

Question 27

Considerations of pedestrian and traffic surveys?

Answer 27

+ must sample at peak and off-peak times
+ sample on different days and weeks
+ sample in different weather conditions
+ make a consistent rule of recording

Question 28

How would you process a pedestrian or traffic survey?

Answer 28

Prorational circles map

Question 29

How do you carry out a questionnaire?

Answer 29

Create questionnaire of specific questions, hand out in public or email, collate results

Question 30

Considerations of a questionnaire:

Answer 30

\+ time consuming
\+ not representative of whole population
\+ people might not respond 
\+ must be short enough not to become boring
\+ easy to answer questions
\+ carry out in busy area

Question 31

How would you process questionnaire data?

Answer 31

Sphere of influence or with a pie chart

Question 32

How do you carry out land use mapping?

Answer 32

Find acronym (RICEPOTS…), go to area or street view, record land use of each unit or open space, add to table, figure out percentages

Question 33

Considerations of land use mapping:

Answer 33

+ laborious so area can the large
+ might need to ask for permission
+ must have a rule of recording (bottoms of buildings, one pavement only…)

Question 34

How he ovule you process land use mapping data?

Answer 34

+ land use maps
+ percentage pie charts
+ divided bar graphs

Question 35

Considerations of a sediment analysis:

Answer 35

+ Sample size must be large to be representative
+ Index is subjective
+ Sampling must be systematic