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APEA - Pre predictor > Deck 1 - Murmurs > Flashcards

Deck 1 - Murmurs Flashcards

1
Q

systolic murmur is audible when?

A

with or after S1 and terminates before or at S2

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2
Q

audible with or after S1 and terminates before or at S2

A

systolic murmur

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3
Q

diastolic murmurs are audible when?

A

with or after S2 and ends before S1

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4
Q

audible with or after S2 and ends before S1

A

diastolic murmur

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5
Q

high-pitched murmurs include
4

A
  1. mitral regurgitation
  2. tricuspid regurgitation
  3. aortic regurgitation
  4. ventricular septal defect
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6
Q

medium-pitched murmurs include
3

A
  1. aortic stenosis
  2. pulmonic regurgitations
  3. atrial septal defect
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7
Q

low-pitched murmurs includes
1

A

mitral stenosis

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8
Q

Mnemonic to remebering murmur listening points

A

APE To Man - Aortic, pulmonic, Erbs point, tricuspid, mitral

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9
Q

Grade 1 murmur

A

barely audible with intense concentration

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10
Q

barely audible with intense concentration

A

grade 1 murmur

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11
Q

grade 2 murmur

A

faint, soft, audible immediately

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12
Q

faint, soft, audible immediately

A

grade 2 murmur

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13
Q

grade 3 murmur

A

moderately loud, no thrill palpable

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14
Q

moderately loud, no thrill palpable

A

grade 3 murmur

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15
Q

grade 4 murmur

A

loud with palpable thrill

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16
Q

loud with palpable thrill

A

grade 4 murmur

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17
Q

grade 5 murmur

A

very loud, audible with part of stethoscope off the chest; thrill palpable

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18
Q

very loud, audible with part of stethoscope off the chest; thrill palpable

A

grade 5 murmur

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19
Q

grade 6 murmur

A

audible without stethoscope on chest wall; thrill palpable

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20
Q

audible without stethoscope on chest wall; thrill palpable

A

grade 6 murmur

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21
Q

soft, short, systolic murmur

A

innocent murmur

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22
Q

most common site for innocent murmurs
2

A

LLSB or pulmonic area

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23
Q

aortic stenosis - timing

A

systolic ejection - midsystolic

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24
Q

aortic stenosis murmur - most common in who? best heard where?

A
  1. older adults
  2. 2nd ICS, right sternal border
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25
Q

murmur best heard at 2nd ICS, right sternal border

A

aortic stenosis murmur - systolic ejection

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26
Q

aortic stenosis/systolic ejection murmur sound

A

audible, medium pitched murmur

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27
Q

hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is best heard where

A

lower left sternal border

28
Q

murmur that increases with valsalva maneuver and standing

A

hypertrophic obstructive cadiomyopathy (HOCM) systolic murmur

29
Q

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) murmur sound

A

high-pitched, crescendo/decrescendo murmur

30
Q

mitral valve insufficiency or regurgitation ____ murmur

A

systolic

31
Q

types of holosystolic murmurs (extends through whole S1-S2 phase)
2

A
  1. mitral valve insufficiency or regurgitation
  2. ventricular septal defect
32
Q

mitral valve insufficiency/regurgitation is best heard where

A

at apex of heart with patient in left lateral decubitus position

33
Q

murmurs best heard with patient in LLD position
2

A
  1. mitral valve insuff/regurg.
  2. mitral stenosis
34
Q

mitral valve insufficiency/regurgitation sound

A

medium to high pitched with thrill; S4 gallop

35
Q

mitral valve prolapse sounds like
2

A

high pitched
late systolic phase preceded by series of clicks

36
Q

high pitch, late systolic phase preceded by series of clicks

A

MVP

37
Q

tricuspid regurgitation best heard where

A

LLSB, over the xiphoid, sometimes over the liver

38
Q

best heard at the LLSB, over the xiphoid, sometimes over the liver

A

tricuspid regurgitation

39
Q

increased in intensity with inspiration

A

tricuspid regurgitation

40
Q

ventricular septal defect - what grade

A

grade 2-6 depending on severity

41
Q

ventricular septal defect is heard loudest where

A

apex of heart

42
Q

most common congenital cardiac defect

A

ventricular septal defect

43
Q

atrial septal defect is a ___ ___ murmur

A

systolic ejection

44
Q

atrial septal defect is best heard where

A

at ULSB with possible thrill at LLSB or xyphoid

45
Q

best heard at ULSB with possible thrill at LLSB or xyphoid

A

atrial septal defect

46
Q

mitral stenosis sound

A

low pitched apical murmur begins with snapping sound

47
Q

low pitched apical murmur begins with snapping sound

A

mitral stenosis

48
Q

best heard after mild exercise and with patient in LLD position

A

mitral stenosis

49
Q

mitral stenosis locations

A

may be isolated to the apex, does not radiate

50
Q

tricuspid stenosis murmur is best heard where

A

in the 4 or 5 ICS left of the sternum, xiphoid, or apex

51
Q

best heard in the 4th or 5th ICS left of sternum, xiphoid, or apex

A

tricuspid stenosis murmur

52
Q

tricuspid stenosis murmur sounds like

A

decrescendo murmur; low pitched

53
Q

decrescendo murmur; low pitched

A

tricuspid stenosis murmur

54
Q

aortic regurgitation murmur sounds like

A

blowing, low-intensity, high-pitched decrescendo murmur

55
Q

blowing, low-intensity, high-pitched decrescendo murmur

A

aortic regurgitation murmur

56
Q

aortic regurgitation murmur is best heard where

A

left sternal border or 2nd ICS; usually radiates toward apex

57
Q

best heard at - left sternal border or 2nd ICS; usually radiates toward apex

A

aortic regurgitation murmur
pulmonic regurgitations murmur

58
Q

bounding pulses

A

aortic regurgitation murmur

59
Q

pulmonic regurgitations murmur sounds likes

A

high pitched, blowing descrescendo murmur

60
Q

high pitched, blowing descrescendo murmur

A

pulmonic regurgitations murmur

61
Q

pulmonic regurgitations murmur is best heard where

A

loudest at 2nd ICS at sternal border and radiates to apex

62
Q

Types of systolic murmurs
8

A
  1. aortic stenosis
  2. hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
  3. pulmonic stenosis
  4. MVR
  5. MVP
  6. TR
  7. ventricular septal defect
  8. atrial septal defect
63
Q

types of diastolic murmurs
4

A
  1. AR - aortic regurgitation
  2. PR - pulmonic
  3. MS - mitral stenosis
  4. tricuspid stenosis
64
Q

Aortic stenosis best heard where

A

Right sternal border 2 ICS

65
Q

Aortic stenosis
2

A
  1. Left sternal border - 3 or 4th ICS
  2. decrescendo early-diastolic blowing murmur

APEA - Pre predictor (38 decks)

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