Depression Anxiety aka Carter

Question 1

T/F Treatment usually works on the first option

Answer 1

FALSE DUHHHHHH

Question 2

What are the symptoms of major depression

Answer 2

sad, anxiety
angry, loss of interest
issues with sleep
low appetite

Question 3

What are the symptoms of generalized anxiety

Answer 3

worry, overthink
indecisive
sweat, trouble with sleep, fatigue, tremble, nervous

Question 4

What is the serotonergic pathway

Answer 4

5 HT produced in brainstem (raphe nuclei) from tryptophan
depolarize (inward Na and Ca)= releases into synapse
bind to receptor

Question 5

What does serotonin do

Answer 5

NOT require just modulates the extent**
mood, happiness, sleep, and loss of appetite via 5HT2c
platelets= 5HT1 release NO for dilate 5HT2 is aggregate and constrict
gi stim

Question 6

What does hippocampus do

Answer 6

memory and learn

Question 7

What does amygdala do

Answer 7

emotion and fear

Question 8

What is the monamine Hypothesis of depression

Answer 8

deplete of monoamine (NorE(energy), serotonin (appetite, dopamine(motivation))= depression or anxiety

Question 9

What is the neurotropic cause of depression

Answer 9

low BDNF which regulates neural plasticity and genesis
Stress and pain lower this

Question 10

What effects amount of BDNF

Answer 10

low testosterone= decrease
high cortisol=decrease
low estrogen= decrease

Question 11

Why do antidepressants have lag time

Answer 11

takes time to make BDNF and for it to causes neuronal genesis

Question 12

What drugs affect serotoninergic signalling

Answer 12

reserpine, triptans
MAOis
SSRI/SNRI/tricylines
antipsychotic
antiemetics
buspirone

Question 13

How does reserpine effect serotonin

Answer 13

stops serotonin accumulation

Question 14

How does triptans effect serotonin

Answer 14

agonist on 5HT1d/b for lower pain

Question 15

How does MAOi’s effect serotonin

Answer 15

stop breakdown of ALL monoamines

Question 16

How does antiemetics effect serotonin

Answer 16

block 5HT3

Question 17

What are the SSRI drugs

Answer 17

oprams, fluoxetine

Question 18

How do SSRIs work

Answer 18

inhibit reuptake (SERT)

Question 19

S/e of SSRIs

Answer 19

insomnia, anxiety, lower libido, Gi

Question 20

Which SSRI is a no no in pregnant people

Answer 20

paroxetine

Question 21

Whats different between SSRI and SNRI

Answer 21

SNRI= also does norepinephrine through NET

Question 22

S/e of SNRIs

Answer 22

HTN, insomnia, aniety, lower libido, Gi

Question 23

What are the SNRIs

Answer 23

faxine’s
acipran’s

Question 24

What are the serotonin receptor antagonists?

Answer 24

Nefazodone, mirtazapine, minserin

Question 25

When to use serotonin receptor antagonists

Answer 25

if insomnia is present BUT has less efficacy but if used in combo it is synergistic

Question 26

S/e of SRA’s

Answer 26

HTN, drowsy**

Question 26

S/e of SRA’s

Answer 26

HTN, drowsy**

Question 27

What else is buprpion good for

Answer 27

smoking cessation

Question 28

MOA of bupropion

Answer 28

inhibits NET, DAT and VMAT = increase NorE and dopamine
does NOT increase serotonin

Question 29

s/e of bupropion

Answer 29

HTN, tachycardia, insomnia, aggressive, anxiety, gi, seizure

Question 30

MOA of TCAs

Answer 30

inhibit SERT and NET but also acts on H1 and alpha, Muscarinic= lots of s/e

Question 31

Why does TCA need dose adjustment

Answer 31

cyp2d6= different in certain people

Question 32

s/e of TCAs

Answer 32

HTN, tachycardia, dry mouth, urine retend, sedate, insomnia, lower libido, weight, anxiety

Question 33

Why arent MOAis used anymore

Answer 33

high toxicity because it increases all monoamines( top, NorE, 5HT) and lots of drug interactions
irreversible inhibitors
some people metabolize them slowly

Question 34

How do benzodiazepines work

Answer 34

bind to GABA and hyperpolarize it

Question 35

What are the benzos

Answer 35

epam’s

Question 36

S/e of benzo’s

Answer 36

addictive and sedating

Question 37

How does buspirone work

Answer 37

partial agonsit of 5HT-1= more serotonin release
NOT addictive or antipsychotic