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5th year countdown > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

What is the most common skin cancer in uk

A

BCC

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2
Q

Risk factors for BCC

A

M > F
UV exposure
Skin Type 1
Immunesuppresion

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3
Q

Typical appearance of BCC

A

Pearly rolled edge
Ulcerated centre
Telangiectesia

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4
Q

Do they commonly metastasise

A

No, but if they do its bad

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5
Q

Does SCC metastasise

A

Yes - locally invasive

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6
Q

RF for SCC

A

UV exposure
Pre-malignancy conditions
Genetic predisposition

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7
Q

Presentation SCC

A

Kerastotic (scaly, crusty)

Ill-defined

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8
Q

Dignosis

A

Biopsy

+- CT

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9
Q

Tx

A

Surgical excision

Prognosis good unless mets

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10
Q

Maliganant melanoma tumour of what cell

A

epidermal melanocytes

3rd most common cancer in M & W

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11
Q

RF

A

Multiple melanocytic naevi

> 5 atypical naevi

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12
Q

Presentation

A 
A asymmetrical 
B boarder irregularity 
C colour irregularity 
D > 6mm
E evolution - change, bleed
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13
Q

4 subtypes

A

Superficial spreading
lentigo maligna
nodular
acral lentiginous

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14
Q

Scoring system

A

Looks a thickness

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15
Q

Tx

A

Surgical excision

+- CT (chemo + radio)

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16
Q

Eczema prevalence in < 12 years

A

20%

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17
Q

Exacerbated by

A

Stress

Allergens

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18
Q

Presentation

A

itchy
flexor
erythematous patches

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19
Q

4 types

A

Nummular dermatitis -related to injury
seborrhoea dermatitis - skin folds
irritant contact - relation to products
allergic contact dermatitis - nickle

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20
Q

Tx eczema

A

Avoid triggers
emollients - 3-4 a day keep skin moist and create barrier
Steroids if inflamamed

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21
Q

Steroid ladder

A

Mild :hydrocortison
Moderate: emovate
Potent
V potent

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22
Q

Cause of psoriasis

A

Overgrowth of keratinocytes

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23
Q

triggers psoriasis

A

stress

trauma infection

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24
Q

presentation psoriasis

A

well demarcated
extensor surface
symmetrical
Auspitz sign - scratch causes capillary bleeding
nail changes (50%) - pitting, leukonychia, onchlysis

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25
associated conditions psoriasis
Psoriatic arthropathy uveitis IBD metabolic syndrome
26
Tx psoriasis
Topcical Tx - emollients Systemic agents - oral steroids or immunosuppressants (MTX) → dermatology Phototherapy
27
Acne causes
Hormonal ↑ sebum production bacterial colonisation related to stress
28
Presentations
``` Non-inflam = open and close comedones Inflam = papules and pustules nodule and cyst ``` → face, chest upper back
29
Tx
Mild - topical agents - retinoids - COCP Moderate - antibiotics - tetracycline - anti-androgen therapy severe - referral to term - isotretinoin (dries skin, teratogenic, monitor LFT)
30
Rosacea - who common in
30-60 years W>M Cause unknown
31
Rosacea presentation
``` Flushing telangiectasia central face ocular rosacea - gritty in eye avoid topical steroids - Topical antibiotics - metronidazole ```
32
Common bacterial infection Appearance +
Cellulitis Erysipelas - more superficial → red, warm, tender → mark skin → antibiotics oral or IV
33
Impetigo
honey crusted lesion very contagious - washing hands, wash bed lined topical antibiotics - fucidin can consider oral
34
Staphlycocoal scalded skin syndrom
Staphly coagulase negative - severe infection, very painful → admit
35
Warts causes + incubation
HPV Spread - auto inoculation, direct to skin to skin 12 months
36
Presentation
Keratinous surface | verruca
37
Tx
Cryoptherapy
38
Varicella zoster infection
chicken pox | no Tx unless immnuocromised (aciclovir - risk encephalitis)
39
Herpes zoster painful rash
``` Shingles Can have pain before dermatomal rash Tx acyclovir if early in presentation Clears 3-4 weeks Comps: post hepatic pain ```
40
Fungal - dermatophyte (ringword)
named based on location it infects
41
Tx candidiasis
clotrimazole cream
42
Tx pityriasis versicolour
Discolouration of skin | Common in young in summer months
43
Scapies CF
Itch worse at night might see burrows Topical permethrin 5% cream, Malathion 0.5% liquid Tx close contacts
44
Blistering pemphigus
Rare automiine Middle aged effects epidermis presents: Blisters and erosions → rupture skin and mucus membranes
45
Tx
Steroids | Immunosuppressant
46
Pemphigoid
Deeper in skin - hemidesmosomes ``` Present Tense, fluid filled blister itch trunk and limbs Less likely to burst ```
47
TX
Wound dressing | local or systemic Tx
48
Emergency | Erythema multiform
Acutre inflammatory condition May be ppt HSV Target lesions, rarely mucosal Usually self-resolving Ensure no drug or infection causing it
49
Steven johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis
Rare - potential fatal Usually 2 to medications 100 x more common in HIV
50
Presentation
Nikolsky sign - rub skin and blisters off
51
complications
dehydration infection gi ulceration shock SJS <10% BSA TEN >30% BSA SCROTEN used to predict mortality
52
Dermatomyotitis
50-70 years Rash - proximal myopathy heliotrop rash - over eyelids and butterfly gottron papules - knuckles finger - non tender steroids and immunosuppressents
53
Systemic sclerosis
``` CREST Calcinosis Raynauds Oesphalgeal dysmobility Telangestastia ``` Diffuse or systemic
54
Erythema nodosum
Diffuse hypersensitivity present: tender, common shins Ass: TB, malignancy, gastric malignancy, sarcoidid, IBD
55
Acanthosis nigerians
``` Cushing's PCOS Insulin resistance Malignancy Drug induced (steroids) ```
56
Lichen Planus
10 purple, flat topped macules forearms and wrists Look in mouth
57
Koebner phenomeno - what is and what associated with
Scratch and leave mark | psoriasis lichen planus, vitiligo
58
Actinic keratosis associated
SCC
59
Molluscum contagiosum
Pearly, with umbilicate centre
60
Guttate psoriasis - Hx
Recent sore throat → diffuse rash
61
Rhinophyma what is it, who more common in which condition is it associated with?
Rosacea - most common in men British association of dermatologist app k

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