Dermatology

Question 1

what is the role of basal cells?

Answer 1

continuously produce new cells

Question 2

what is the role of melanocytes?

Answer 2

protect skin from UV radiation

Question 3

which benign skin lesion has a “stuck-on” appearance?

Answer 3

seborrheic keratosis

Question 4

skin tags are also known as _____

Answer 4

acrochordons

Question 5

Old age spots are also called ___________

Answer 5

Solar Lentigines

Question 6

this benign skin lesion is glandular; sebaceous glands enlarge and reach skin surface, appearing as yellow smooth papule

Answer 6

Sebaceous hyperplasia

Question 7

T or F: you should cut out keloid scars on the ear lobes to remove them

Answer 7

FALSE - will cause larger keloid scar

do steroid injections

Question 8

this benign skin lesion has a rancid smell when cut open

Answer 8

Sebaceous cyst

epidermal cyst

Question 9

What causes epidermal inclusion cysts?

Answer 9

inflammatory process; arising from hair follicles (NOT OIL GLANDS)

Question 10

Of what cell of origin are squamous cell carcinoma AND actinic keratosis

Answer 10

Keratinocytes

Question 11

Actinic Keratosis is a precursor to ____

Answer 11

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 12

what is the cell of origin in melanoma?

Answer 12

melanocyte

Question 13

patient’s lesion is pink and pearly with “rolled borders” and overlying telangiectasia. What are you suspecting?

Answer 13

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Question 14

what are the ABCDE in skin lesions?

Answer 14

A- asymmetry
B - borders
C - color
D - Diameter (>6mm)
E- evolving

Question 15

are you supposed to do a shave biopsy on a pigmented lesion?

Answer 15

NO - melanoma is diagnosed based on depth of lesion. If portion is biopsied, may give false negative (because depth is off from shave)

Question 16

if you MUST biopsy a pigmented lesion, what type of biopsy?

Answer 16

excisional biopsy

Question 17

patient presents with pink and tan, scaly macules all over his chest and back. How do you diagnose this?

Answer 17

KOH scrape

(tinea versicolor

Question 18

what does a KOH scrape for tinea versicolor look like on pathology?

Answer 18

short hyphae + small round spores (fungi)

Question 19

treatment tinea versicolor?

Answer 19

ketoconazole shampoo

Question 20

pregnant patient presents with patchy light brown hyperpigmentation of the face. What is this?

Answer 20

melasma (chloasma)

Question 21

this patient is a diabetic, and you notice velvety, hyperpigmented plaques on his neck. What is this condition?

Answer 21

acanthosis nigricans

Question 22

your patient presents with darkened skin and ulcers around their medial malleolus. What is this and what is the cause?

Answer 22

stasis dermatitis - areas of venous insufficiency

Question 23

T or F: for stasis dermatitis, administer topical antibiotics

Answer 23

FALSE - 50% of these patients will develop allergic contact dermatitis from this;
treat with topical steroids and compression stockings

Question 24

what is the most common medication that causes medication-hyperpigmentation?

Answer 24

minocycline

Question 25

A burn patient presents, and on examination, you note erythema and tenderness, but no blisters. what degree is this?

Answer 25

first degree (no blisters)

Question 26

your patient presents with a burn; you see erythema and thin-walled, fluid-filled blisters that are extremely painful. What degree burn is this?

Answer 26

second degree - superficial

Question 27

thick-walled blisters in a burn patient is classified as what degree?

Answer 27

second degree- deep (thick blisters)

Question 28

when measuring the amount of body that is burned, we often use the patient’s hand. What percent of the body is 1 hand of the patients’?

Answer 28

1%

Question 29

at what pressure does rapid tissue degradation occur and pressure ulcers form?

Answer 29

> 70 mmHg

Question 30

what is the only definitive treatment for arterial ulcers

Answer 30

vascular reconstruction (anything less is temporary that will lead to amputation)

Question 31

patient, age 4, presents with eruption of erythematous, pruritic plaques with overlying scale and erosions. Ddx?

Answer 31

atopic dermatitis

Question 32

where will you most likely see atopic dermatitis in infants?

Answer 32

face, cheeks, forehead, scalp

Question 33

where will you most likely see atopic dermatitis in adults

Answer 33

neck, elbow, wrist, ankles (lichenified)

Question 34

what is the atopic triad

Answer 34

asthma + allergies + atopic dermatitis