Development Flashcards
When does a long tube develop into the brain of a fetus?
When the fetus is roughly 3 to 4 weeks old, a long tube develops in the brain and forms 3 distinct sections.
What are the three sections that the tube (which develops at around 3 to 4 weeks old) forms into?
Forebrain, Midbrain and Hindbrain.
At how many weeks does the forebrain and the hindbrain split into two parts each?
After 5 weeks of conception, the forebrain and Hindbrain splits into two parts: Anterior and Posterior.
What does Anterior mean in terms of brain development?
front part of the brain
What does Posterior mean in terms of brain development?
back part of the brain
6 weeks after conception, what two things develop in the brain?
The Medulla Oblongata and the Cerebellum.
What is the Cerebellum responsible for?
Joins the midbrain and spinal cord. It is responsible for balance, coordination and moving.
What is the Medulla Oblongata responsible for?
Responsible for automatic/involuntary responses e.g. breathing, blinking and sneezing.
What is Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development or PTCD?
Piaget suggested that all children will go through FOUR stages of cognitive development like a transition. These stages are UNIVERSAL and INVARIANT.
What does Piaget mean by cognitive development?
Cognitive development are the changes we go through in terms of our thinking, problem solving, perception and language.
What does universal and invariant mean?
Universal: Relating to all everyone
Invariant: Never changing
What are the four stages of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development?
0-2 years – Sensorimotor
2-7 years – Pre Operational
7-11 years – Concrete Operational
11+ years – Formal operational
What do infants do during the sensorimotor stage?
Infants explore the world using their senses. They learn through smell, hearing and touch. At 6 months, they develop object permanence and often repeat actions such as dropping items.
What is Object permanence?
Knowing that an object exists even when it is out of sight.
What two stages is the Pre-operational stage divided into?
Symbolic Stage and Intuitive Stage.
What is the symbolic stage (Pre-operational stage part 1)
Symbolic Stage is when children use symbols to represent objects. Animism can also be seen and children are egocentric.
What does animism and egocentric mean?
Animism: believe that all objects are alive e.g. children talk to their teddies and dolls
Egocentric: Only see the world from their own view.
What is the Intuitive stage (Pre-operational stage part 1)
Intuitive Stage is when children use reasoning to understand the world.
What is Centration (Pre-operational-Intuitive)?
Children can only focus on one aspect of a situation. This is known as Centration.
What is Irreversibility (Piaget’s Theory)?
There is also Irreversibility. This is when a child is not able to use thought to reverse an event such as knowing that if water from a wide glass is poured into a tall glass so it looks as if there is more water, when the water is poured back into the wide it will look the same as it did.
Concrete Operational Stage - Ages?
Formal Operational Stage - Key Ability?
