Deviance and Crime Flashcards
what is deviance?
nonconformity to accepted norms
what is crime?
breaking laws set by society, leading to varying punishments
what is the functionalist approach to crime?
crime occurs when individuals or groups aspirations clash with avaliable opportunities
what is durkheims approach to crime?
anomie - socities lack clear standards to guide behavior
what was mertons approach to crime?
strains are caused when societal norms conflict with reality
what is the control theory
crime arises from a balance between criminal impluses and social or physical controls
what are Travis Hirschi’s bonds that link people to society
- attachment
- commitment
- involvement
- belief
what is the symbolic interactionist approach to crime
certain behaviors and groups are defined as deviant
what is the labeling theory
deviance is not inherent in the act but in how people react to it
what is a stigma?
a deeply discrediting attribute, behavior, or reputation that is socially contructed and results in prejudice
what is conflict theory in crime
deviance is a deliberate response to the inequalities in capitalistic society
what is deterrence theory?
crime results from a rational calculation of its costs and benefits
what is specific deterrence?
targets known criminals and prevents them from further crimes
what is general deterrence?
discourages potential offenders of crimes through fear
what are total institutions?
a place where all aspects of life are conducted in the same place under a single authority
