Diabetes

Question 1

What does the term diabetes mean ?

Answer 1

Syndrome impaired condition for carbohydrate , fats

Question 2

What is Type 1 ?

Answer 2

Insulin dependent diabetes mellifluous
Pancreas fails to produce insulin
Loss of B cells
Caused by the immune system attacking the cells in the pancreas known as Auto immune condition.

Question 3

Metabolic change on type 1

Answer 3

Lack of insulin will breakdown bodys fat reseved fro fuel
Incrased lipilysis result in prodcution of organic acids called ketones
Increased ketones in blood lowers pH of blood resuting in ketosis

Question 4

Complication of TYPE 1

Answer 4

Blindness or retinopathy caused by high sugar levs damaging the back of the retina , causing blindness if lest untraeated or even blurred vision /cloudy vision .

Question 5

Treatment

Answer 5

Pancreas Transplant
Islet cell transplatnt
90 % require insulin after 5 years
Early research suggest exenatide may delay insulin requirement

Partial Pancreas Transplant
Preffered when recieving a kideny from a relative
Protects kideny from damage

Full pancreas transplant

• Limited by effects of immunosuppresive medications
• 50 % rejected
• Indicated for type 1 diabtes reuiring kidney transplant

Juvenile

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Question 6

Type 2

Answer 6

Known as Non insulin dependent diabetes

• Failure to respond to the insulin due to a decreased sensitivity of the tissue to the insulin .
• Results from an imbalance between insulin secretion and sensitivity .
• Genetic and environmental factors play a role
• NIDDM characterised by deterioration of pancreatic B cell function

Question 7

Symptoms

Answer 7

Blurry vision , fatigues , prolonged wound healing.

Question 8

Metabolic

Answer 8

• Exert high osmotic pressure in extracellular fluid causing cellular dehydration .
• Excess of glucose begins to be lost from the body in urine , known as glycosuna

Question 9

Role of kidney

Answer 9

Kidney filtrate acts as an osmotic diuretic , inhibiting water reabsoption resuting in polyuria increased urine output .

Decreased blood volume and dehydration
Blurred vision
Dry skin

Dehydration stimulated hypothalamic thirst causing poldpsia .

Polphagia

• Excessive hunger and food consumption
• Fatigue and weight

Question 10

Treatment

Answer 10

Tablet

• metformim helps body respond to the insulin
• Sulphurous prompt pancreas to produce more insulin

Blood glucose monitoring :
Regulate test blood/

Other alternatives by GP Doctors :
Physical exercise both directly by improving insulin sensitivity and indirectly by producing beneficial changes in body mass and body composition

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