Digestion Flashcards
Define physical digestion
Preparing the food for chemical digestion by breaking large food particles into smaller particles
What are the 3 parts of physical digestion?
1) Chewing
2) Peristalsis
3) Churning in stomach
What type of teeth do humans have?
- incisors (bite and cut off pieces)
- canines (hold food in place and tear)
- premolars/molars (chew and grind)
What is peristalsis?
Rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the circular muscles in the wall of the alimentary canal
What does peristalsis do?
Helps move food particles forward
What is the churning in your stomach
The contraction and relaxation of muscles. The food is mixed with gastric juice
When is chyme formed
During the churning of food in your stomach
Define chemical digestion
The breaking down of large, complex, insoluble molecules into smaller, soluble molecules by hydrolysis
How do hydrolyse enzymes work?
- specific pH
- enzymes supply energy for breaking food
- smaller molecules break off enzymes
What happens in chemical digestion in the mouth?
Salivary amylase is used to turn cooked starch—>maltose
What happens in chemical digestion in the stomach?
Pepsin changes proteins—> long polypeptide proteins
What are the 2 types of chemical digestion in the small intestine?
1) in the Pancreatic juice
2) in the Intestinal juice
What are the 3 digestions in the pancreatic juice in the small intestine?
Amylase) cooked starch—>maltose
Tripsin) long poly p.—>short poly p.
Lipase) lipids—>glycerol +3fatty acids
What are the 4 digestions in the intestinal juice in the small intestine?
Maltase) maltose—>glucose+glucose
Lactase) lactose—>glucose+galactose
Sucrase) sucrose—>glucose+fructose
Peptidase) short polys—>amino acids
