Digestion and absorption

Question 1

Ingested food turned into smaller solubles through

Answer 1

Hydrolysis

Question 2

Microvilli located in

Answer 2

Enterocytes

Question 3

Where will the digestion of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates take place

Answer 3

In microvilli of enterocytes

Question 4

Enzyme producing the first digestion of carbohydrates

Answer 4

Amylase

Question 5

% of carbohydrates digested until the deglutition reaches the stomach

Answer 5

20-40%

Question 6

Phase at which the carbohydrates are when deglutition reaches the duodenum

Answer 6

Pancreatic secretion phase

Question 7

% of carbohydrate ingestion at pancreatic secretion phase

Answer 7

50-80%

Question 8

After digestion in duodenum carbohydrates –> ?

Answer 8

Dextrins and disaccharides

Question 9

Enzymes breaking down dextrins and disaccharides

Answer 9

Maltase, dextrinase, sacarase, lactase

Question 10

After maltase, dextrinase, lactase, sacarase.. carbohydrates –> ??

Answer 10

Monosaccharides

Question 11

Cotransporters in absorption of carbohydrates

Answer 11

SGLT1

GLUT2/5

Question 12

SGTL1 is dependent on

Answer 12

Na+

Question 13

SGLT1 transports

Answer 13

Glucose or galactose along with Na+

Question 14

GLUT5 transports

Answer 14

Fructose

Question 15

Why is not fructose transported with SGLT1

Answer 15

Because it does not need Na+

Question 16

GLUT2 transports … to …

Answer 16

Galactose, glucose and fructose into capillaries

Question 17

Enzymes involved in digestion of proteins

Answer 17

Pepsin

Pancreatic enzymes

Question 18

% of pepsin in stomach

Answer 18

20%

Question 19

% of pancreatic enzymes in stomach

Answer 19

80%

Question 20

Trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, carboxypeptidase are

Answer 20

Pancreatic enzymes

Question 21

Digestion of proteins begins due to

Answer 21

Pepsin but main digestion is done through pancreatic enzymes

Question 22

Enzyme of chief cells

Answer 22

Pepsin

Question 23

What activated pepsin enzyme in chief cells

Answer 23

HCl (low pH)

Question 24

Endopeptides in protein digestion

Answer 24

Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Elastase

Question 25

Exopeptides in protein digestion

Answer 25

Carboxypeptidases

Question 26

Function of endopeptidases

Answer 26

Break peptide bonds to create smaller polypeptides

Question 27

Function of exopeptidases

Answer 27

Act on extremes of Aa to liberate lose Aa one by one

Question 28

Lipophilic vitamins in lipid digestion

Answer 28

Vitamin A D E K

Question 29

Main enzymes in lipid digestion

Answer 29

Lingual lipase and pancreatic lipase

Question 30

Enzyme functioning at mouth for lipid digestion

Answer 30

Lingual lipase

Question 31

% of action of lingual lipase

Answer 31

10%

Question 32

Once digested lipids are transported to

Answer 32

Etythrocytes

Question 33

How do lipids reach the erythrocyte

Answer 33

Through emulsion and solubilization of fats through biliary salts

Question 34

Emulsionated fat –> free fatty acids and monoglycerides through

Answer 34

Pancreatic lipase

Question 35

Action of pancreatic lipase not efficient if

Answer 35

Fat droplets have not been emulsified by bile salts

Question 36

After lipase action the lipid droplets are called

Answer 36

Micelles

Question 37

Absorption of short chain fatty acids in

Answer 37

Enterocytes

Question 38

Rest of lipids are packed into

Answer 38

Chylomicrons through apo-lipoproteins

Question 39

What makes the lipids into chylomicrons

Answer 39

Apo-lipoproteins