diseases of the rectum and anus Flashcards
anorectal abscess?
result of infxn
what is a fistula?
chronic complication of an abscess; open tract btw 2 epithelium-lined areas most commonly associated with abscesses.
what are the CFof perirectal and perianal abscesses?
painful swelling at the anus and painful defecation
what will pE reveal w/ abscess
localized tenderness, erythema, swelling and fluctuance
no fever
what can dpper abscesses cause sx wise?
produce buttock or coccyx pain and rectal fullness (fever more likely)
what sx will a fistula cuase?
anal discharge and pain when the tract becomes occluded. dont explore-make worse
tx of abscesss/fistula
C&D, high fiber diet,
anal fissure?
linear lesion in the rectal wall- posterior midline
what is the s/sx of fissure?
severe tearing pain on defecation, aoften accompained by hematochezia: bright red blood often noted on stool or tissue pater
tx of fissure?
bullking agents and increased fluids to avoid straining
sitz baths will relieve acute pain
silver nitrate or gentian violet
hemorrhoids
varices of the hemorrhoidal plexus
what are clinical features of hemorrhoids?
external: visible
stage 1 hemorroid?
confined to the anal canal and my bleed with defection
stage 2 hemo.
protrued from anal opening by reduced spontaneoulsy; may bleed, and mucoid discharge may occur
stage 3 hem
require manula reduction after bowel movements , pts may develop pain and discomfot
