DNA, Genes, and Chromosomes

Question 1

Where are chromosomes found?

Answer 1

In the nucleus

Question 2

What does the nucleus contain?

Answer 2

Genetic material in the form of chromosomes

Question 3

What are chromosomes?

Answer 3

Long strands of coiled up DNA

Question 4

What is a gene?

Answer 4

A short section of DNA

Question 5

What type of cells are human cells?

Answer 5

Diploid

Question 6

What is a diploid cell?

Answer 6

A cell with two copies of each chromosome, arranged in pairs.

Question 7

How many chromosomes does a human nucleus contain?

Answer 7

46

Question 8

What is the diploid number of a human?

Answer 8

46

Question 9

What are genes?

Answer 9

Chemical instructions

Question 10

What is DNA?

Answer 10

A long list of instructions on how to put an organism together and make it work.

Question 11

What makes up an organism’s genome?

Answer 11

All of its DNA

Question 12

How does DNA work?

Answer 12

Each separate gene in a DNA molecule is a chemical instruction that codes for a particular protein.

Question 13

Why are proteins important?

Answer 13

They control most processes in your body. They also determine inheritance characteristics such as eye color and blood type.

Question 14

What are different versions of the same gene called?

Answer 14

Alleles

Question 15

Describe the structure of DNA

Answer 15

2 strands coiled together in the shape of a double helix

Question 16

How are the 2 strands held together?

Answer 16

Chemicals called bases

Question 17

What are the four types of base?

Answer 17

Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine

Question 18

How are the bases always paired?

Answer 18

1) Adenine to thymine

2) Cytosine to guanine