Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Geography: Water and Carbon cycle > Drainage basin > Flashcards

Drainage basin Flashcards

1
Q

what is a source?

A

A spring from which a river originates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a confluence?

A

Where two rivers meet and merge into a single river

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a water shed?

A

anarea or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers or basins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a mouth?

A

Where the river meets a lake or sea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is a tributary?

A

A smaller river or stream which flows into a larger river. It does not flow directly into the ocean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

is a drainage system an open or closed system?

A

open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are inputs of a drainage system?

A

precipitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are outputs of a drainage system?

A

evaporation and transpiration from vegetation (together known as evapotranspiration), run-off into the sea and percolation of water to underlying rock strata into underground stores.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is strata?

A

a layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the water budget?

A

Shows the state of equilibrium within the drainage basin, between the inputs and outputs.
Discharge levels rise and fall in a river, often showing an annual pattern. This is called a rivers regime.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

water budget equation

A

precipitation = total runoff + evapotranspiration +/- storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

in the west we have a water surplus what is the process?

A

Areas with the most cloud cover
- heaviest rainfall - lowest summer temperatures - less loss of water from evapotranspiration or transpiration - areas with low population density - water surplus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

in the east we have a water deficit what is the process?

A

areas with less cloud cover - lower rainfall - higher summer temperatures - higher loss of water from evapotranspiration or transpiration - 1/3 of the population are in the south east - water deficit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a water surplus?

A

When we have more water than we actually need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a water deficit?

A

When the demand for water exceeds the amount which is currently available

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is soil moisture utilisation?

A

water that is used and stored within the soil

17
Q

what is a storage?

A

where waters kept in a system

18
Q

what is interception?

A

this is when precipitation lands on buildings, vegetation and concrete before landing on the soil

19
Q

what is vegetation storage?

A

this is water taken up by vegetation. It is all the moisture in vegetation at any one time.

20
Q

what is surface storage ?

A

the total volume of water held on the Earth’s surface in lakes, ponds and puddles.

21
Q

what is groundwater storage?

A

the storage of water underground in permeable rock strata. the water held in a river or stream channel.

22
Q

what is channel storage?

A

the movement of water within the river channel. This is also called a river’s discharge

23
Q

what are flows and/or processes?

A

transfer of water

24
Q

what is baseflow?

A

water that reaches the channel largely through slow throughflow and from permeable rock below the water table

25
Q

what is channel flow?

A

the movement of water within the river channel. This is also called a river’s discharge

26
Q

what is groundwater flow?

A

the deeper movement of water through underlying permeable rock strata below the water table

27
Q

what is infiltration?

A

downward movement of water into the soil surface

28
Q

what is interflow?

A

water flowing downhill through permeable rock

29
Q

what is stemflow?

A

water running down a plant stem or tree trunk

30
Q

what is surface runoff?

A

when water does not evaporate and does not absorb into the soil and joins a body of water eg. Lake, pond or river

31
Q

what is through flow?

A

going through the soil

32
Q

what is evaporation?

A

when water leaves the soil/surface as vapour and into the atmosphere

33
Q

what is transpiration?

A

when water leaves the plant into the atmosphere

34
Q

what is evapotranspiration?

A

When water evaporates from the surface of soil and transpired from plants into the atmosphere

35
Q

where is the UK’s prevailing wind from?

A

south west

Physical Geography: Water and Carbon cycle (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions