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STEP PHARM > Drug--Class > Flashcards

Drug--Class Flashcards

1
Q

Bethanechol

A

Direct cholinomeimetic (Bowel and Bladder)

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

Direct cholinomeimetic (carbon copy ACh)

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3
Q

Methacholine

A

Direct cholinomeimetic (asthma test)

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4
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Direct cholinomeimetic (glaucoma)

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5
Q

Donepezil

A

Indirect Anticholinesterases (Alzheimers)

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6
Q

galantamine

A

Indirect Anticholinesterases(Alzheimers)

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7
Q

rivastigmine

A

Indirect Anticholinesterases(Alzheimers)

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8
Q

edrophonium

A

Indirect Anticholinesterases (Myastnia Test)

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9
Q

Neostigmine

A

Indirect Anticholinesterases (Bowel, Bladder, Myastinia)

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10
Q

Physostigmine

A

Indirect Anticholinesterases (atropine overdose)

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11
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Indirect Anticholinesterases (Myastinia)

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12
Q

parathion

A

organophospahte

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13
Q

Pralidoxime

A

(regenerates AChE)

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14
Q

Atropine

A

Muscarine antagonist (broad)

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15
Q

homotropine

A

Muscarine antagonist (mydriasis & cycloplegia)

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16
Q

tropicamide

A

Muscarine antagonist (mydriasis and cycloplegia)

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17
Q

benztropine

A

Muscarine antagonist (Parkinson)

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18
Q

glycopyrrolate

A

Muscarine antagonist (pre-op decrease secretions)

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19
Q

Hyoscyamine

A

Muscarine antagonist (IBS antisposmodic)

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20
Q

dicyclomine

A

Muscarine antagonist (IBS antisposmodic)

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21
Q

Ipratropium

A

Muscarine antagonist (COPD, asthma)

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22
Q

tiotropium

A

Muscarine antagonist (COPD, asthma)

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23
Q

Oxybutynin

A

Muscarine antagonist (urinary incontinence)

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24
Q

solifenacin

A

Muscarine antagonist (urinary incontinence)

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25
Q

tolterodine

A

Muscarine antagonist (urinary incontinence)

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26
Q

scopolamine

A

Muscarine antagonist (motion sickness)

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27
Q

Tetrodotoxin

A

Fast Na Channel Antagonist

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28
Q

Ciguatoxin

A

Na Channel Agonist

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29
Q

Scombroid Poisoning

A

Histamine Overdose

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30
Q

Albuterol

A

Direct B2>B1 Sympathomimetic ( Acute Asthma)

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31
Q

Salmeterol

A

Direct B1>B2 Sympathomimetic (Chronic Asthma/COPD)

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32
Q

Dobutamine

A

Direct B1>B2, A Sympathomimetic (Heart failure and stress test)

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33
Q

Dopamine

A

Direct D>B>A Sympathomimetic (bradycardia, HF, shock)

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34
Q

Epinephrine

A

Direct B>A Sympathomimetic (anaphylaxis, asthma, open angle glaucoma)

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35
Q

Iroproterenol

A

Direct B1/2 Sympathomimetic

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36
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Direct A1>A2>B1 Sympathomimetic (hypotension)

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37
Q

Phenylphrine

A

Direct A1>A2 Sympathomimetic (hypotension, decongestant)

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38
Q

Amphetamine

A

Indirect Sympathomimetic (narcolepsy, obesity, ADHD)

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39
Q

Cocaine

A

Indirect Sympathomimetic

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40
Q

Ephedrine

A

Indirect Sympathomimetic (decongestant , urinary incontience, hypotension)

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41
Q

Clonidine

A

A2 agonist (HTN emergency, ADHD, Tourettes)

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42
Q

methyldopa

A

A2 agonist (HTN pregnancy)

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43
Q

phenoxybenzamine

A

Nonselective A blocker (Pheochromocytoma)

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44
Q

Phentolamine

A

Nonselective A blocker (tyramine protection on MAOIs)

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45
Q

Prazosin

A

A1 Antagonist (BPH, PTSD, HTN)

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46
Q

Terazosin

A

A1 Antagonist (BPH,HTN)

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47
Q

Doxazosin

A

A1 Antagonist (BPH,HTN)

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48
Q

tamulosin

A

A1 antagonist (BPH)

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49
Q

Mirtazapine

A

A2 antagonist (Depression)

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50
Q

carvedilol

A

A/B antagonists (MI)

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51
Q

Labetalol

A

A/B antagonist

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52
Q

Nebivolol

A

B1 antagonist

B3 agonist

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53
Q

nadolol

A

Nonselective beta antagonist

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54
Q

pindolol

A

Nonselective beta antagonist

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55
Q

propranolol

A

Nonselective beta antagonist

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56
Q

timolol

A

Nonselective beta antagonist

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57
Q

acebutolol

A

B1 selective antagonist

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58
Q

atenolol

A

B1 selective antagonist

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59
Q

betaxolol

A

B1 selective antagonist

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60
Q

esmolol

A

B1 selective antagonist (SVT)

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61
Q

metoprolol

A

B1 selective antagonist (SVT, MI)

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62
Q

amlodipine

A

CCB dihydropyridines (HTN, raynaud’s, angina)

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63
Q

clevidipine

A

CCB dihydropyridines (emergent HTN)

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64
Q

nicardipine

A

CCB dihydropyridines (HTN, raynaud’s, angina)

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65
Q

nifedipine

A

CCB dihydropyridines (HTN, raynaud’s, angina)

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66
Q

Nimodipine

A

CCB dihydropyridines (subarachnoid hemorhhage)

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67
Q

Diltiazem

A

CCB non-dihydropyridines (HTN, fibrillation, angina)

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68
Q

Verapamil

A

CCB non-dihydropyridines (HTN, fibrillation, angina)

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69
Q

Hydralazine

A

Increase cGMP (severe HTN, HF)

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70
Q

Nitroprusside

A

Release NO

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71
Q

Fenoldopam

A

D1 agonist (vasodilation)

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72
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Nitrate (angina, pulmonary edema)

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73
Q

isosorbide dinitrate/mononitrate

A

Nitrate (angina, pulmonary edema)

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74
Q

statins

A

HMGCoA reductase inhibitor

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75
Q

cholestyramine

A

Bile acid resin

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76
Q

colestipol

A

Bile acid resin

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77
Q

Colesevelam

A

Bile acid resin

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78
Q

Ezetimibe

A

Prevent cholesterol absorption

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79
Q

gemfibrozil

A

Fibrate

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80
Q

clofibrate

A

Fibrate

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81
Q

bezafibrate

A

Fibrate

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82
Q

fenofibrate

A

Fibrate

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83
Q

Niacin

A

Lipolysis inhibition

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84
Q

Digoxin

A

Irreversible Na/K inhibition (HF, atrial fib)

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85
Q

Quinidine

A

Class 1A NaCB (atrial and ven arrythmias)

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86
Q

Procainamide

A

Class 1A NaCB (atrial and ven arrythmias)

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87
Q

Disopyramide

A

Class 1A NaCB (atrial and ven arrythmias)

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88
Q

Lidocaine

A

Class 1B NaCB (Acute ven arrythmias, digitalis arrythmia, minor surgery)

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89
Q

Mexiletine

A

Class 1B NaCB (Acute ven arrythmias, digitalis arrythmia)

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90
Q

Flecainide

A

Class 1C NaCB (SVT, atrial fib, last ditch VT)

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91
Q

propafenone

A

Class 1C NaCB (SVT, atrial fib, last ditch VT)

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92
Q

amiodarone

A

KCB (atrial fib/flutter, VT)

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93
Q

ibutilide

A

KCB (atrial fib/flutter)

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94
Q

Dofetilide

A

KCB (atrial fib/flutter)

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95
Q

Sotalol

A

KCB (atrial fib/flutter, VT)

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96
Q

Adenosine

A

K agonist/Ca antagonist (SVT)

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97
Q

Mg

A

(Torsades de pointes, digoxin)

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98
Q

echothiophate

A

Indirect cholimemetic (glaucoma)

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99
Q

Latanoprost

A

PGF2alpha (glaucoma)

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100
Q

Morphine

A

Opioid (pain)

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101
Q

Fentanyl

A

Opioid (pain)

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102
Q

Codeine

A

Opioid (pain)

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103
Q

loperamide

A

Opioid (diarrhea

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104
Q

diphenoxylate

A

Opioid (diarrhea)

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105
Q

methadone

A

Opioid (Addiction)

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106
Q

buprenorphine

A

Opioid (Addiction)

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107
Q

dextromethorphan

A

Opioid NDMA glutamate antagonist (antitussive)

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108
Q

Butorphanol

A

Kappa agonist and mu partial agonist (severe pain)

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109
Q

Tramadol

A

Opioid, 5HT and norepi agonist (Chronic pain)

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110
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Barbiturate (anxiety, seizure, insomnia)

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111
Q

pentobarbital

A

Barbiturate (anxiety, seizure, insomnia)

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112
Q

secobarbital

A

Barbiturate (anxiety, seizure, insomnia)

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113
Q

thiopental

A

Barbiturate (induction of anastesia)

114
Q

Midazolam

A

Short acting benzo

115
Q

lorazepama

A

Benzo (status epilepticus)

116
Q

diazepam

A

Benzo (status epilepticus)

117
Q

flumazenil

A

GABA antagonist (Benzo overdose)

118
Q

Zolpidem

A

BZ1 agonist

119
Q

Zaleplon

A

BZ1 agonist

120
Q

eszopiclone

A

BZ1 agonist

121
Q

Halothane

A

inhaled anesthetic

122
Q

enflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

123
Q

isoflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

124
Q

sevoflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

125
Q

Ketamine

A

NDMA antagonist (anestetic)

126
Q

procaine

A

Na blocker ester (minor surgery, spinal anestesia)

127
Q

tetracaine

A

Na blocker ester (minor surgery, spinal anestesia)

128
Q

mepivacaine

A

Na blocker amide (minor surgery, spinal anestesia)

129
Q

bupivacaine

A

Na blocker amide (minor surgery, spinal anestesia)

130
Q

succinylcholine

A

Depolarizing blocker (produce muscle paralysis)

131
Q

tubocurarine

A

Non-depolarizing blocker (produce muscle paralysis)

132
Q

atracurium

A

Non-depolarizing blocker (produce muscle paralysis)

133
Q

mivacurium

A

Non-depolarizing blocker (produce muscle paralysis)

134
Q

pancuronium

A

Non-depolarizing blocker (produce muscle paralysis)

135
Q

vecuronium

A

Non-depolarizing blocker (produce muscle paralysis)

136
Q

rocuronium

A

Non-depolarizing blocker (produce muscle paralysis)

137
Q

dantrolene

A

inhibit Ca release from SR (Malginant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome)

138
Q

Baclofen

A

GABAb Inhibitor (muscle spasm)

139
Q

cyclobenzaprine

A

Skeletal muscle relaxant (muscle spasm)

140
Q

Bromocriptine

A

Dopamine agonist Ergot (Parkinsons)

141
Q

pramipexole

A

Dopamine agonist nonErgot (Parkinsons)

142
Q

ropinirole

A

Dopamine agonist Ergot (Parkinsons)

143
Q

Amantidine

A

Increase Dopamine release (Parkinson’s, influenza A, rubella)

144
Q

Levodopa

A

Increase L-Dopa (Parkinson’s)

145
Q

Entacapone

A

COMT inhibitor prevents L dopa degradation

146
Q

tolcapone

A

COMT inhibitor prevents L dopa degradation

147
Q

selegiline

A

MAOb inhibitor (Parkinson’s)

148
Q

Tolcapone

A

inhibits central COMT (Parkinson’s)

149
Q

Memantine

A

NMDA antagonist (Alzheimers)

150
Q

Sumatriptan

A

5HT 1b/1d agonist (acute migrane, cluster headache)

151
Q

Cyclosporine

A

Calcineurin inhibitor-binds cyclophilin (Transplant prophylaxis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis)

152
Q

Tacrolimus

A

Calcineuirn inhibitor- binds FK506 (Transplant prophylaxis)

153
Q

Sirolimus

A

mTOR inhibitor (Kidney transplant prophylaxis)

154
Q

Daclizumab

A

Inhibit IL-2R (Kidney transplant prophylaxis)

155
Q

Basiliximab

A

Inhibit IL-2R (Kidney transplant prophylaxis)

156
Q

azathioprine

A

Precursor of 6MP (Transplant prophylaxis, RA, Crohn’s, glomerulonephritis)

157
Q

glucocorticoids

A

inhibit NFkappaB-decrease cytokine transcription(Transplant prophylaxis, autoimmune and inflammatory disorders)

158
Q

Aldesleukin

A

IL2 analog (RCC, metastatic melanoma)

159
Q

Epoetin alfa

A

Erythropoeitin (anemia)

160
Q

Filgrastim

A

G-CSF (bone marrow recovery)

161
Q

Sargramostim

A

GM-CSF (bone marrow recovery)

162
Q

IFNalpha

A

(Chronic Hep B&C, kaposi sarcoma, malignant melanoma)

163
Q

IFNbeta

A

(Multiple Sclerosis)

164
Q

IFNgamma

A

(Chronic granulommatous disease)

165
Q

Romiplostim

A

(thrombocytopenia)

166
Q

eltrombopag

A

(thrombocytopenia)

167
Q

Oprelvekin

A

IL11 (thrombocytopenia)

168
Q

Alemtuzumab

A

CD52 (CLL)

169
Q

Bevacizumab

A

VEGF (colorectal cancer, RCC)

170
Q

cetuximab

A

EGFR (Stage IV colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer)

171
Q

rituximab

A

CD20 (Non-hodgkin, CLL, RA, ITP)

172
Q

Trastuzumab

A

HER2/neu (breast cancer)

173
Q

Adalimumab

A

TNFalpha (IBD, RA, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis)

174
Q

infliximab

A

TNFalpha (IBD, RA, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis)

175
Q

Entanercept

A

TNF alpha

176
Q

Eculizumab

A

Complement C5 (Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria)

177
Q

Natalizumab

A

alpha4 integrin (MS, Crohn’s)

178
Q

Abciximab

A

platelet IIb/IIIa inhibitor (cardiovascular intervention)

179
Q

Denosumab

A

RANKL (Osteoporosis)

180
Q

Omalizumab

A

IgE (allergic asthma)

181
Q

Palivizumab

A

RSV F protein (RSV prophylaxis)

182
Q

Ranibizumab

A

VEGF (macular degeneration)

183
Q

Bevacizumab

A

VEGF (macular degeneration)

184
Q

Aspart

A

Insulin agonist (rapid acting)

185
Q

Glulisine

A

Insulin agonist (rapid acting)

186
Q

Lispro

A

Insulin agonist (rapid acting)

187
Q

NPH

A

Insulin agonist (medium acting)

188
Q

Detemir

A

Insulin agonist (long acting)

189
Q

Glargine

A

Insulin agonist (long acting)

190
Q

Metformin

A

Biguanides

191
Q

Chlorpropamide

A

First gen sulfonylurea-K agonist (Type 2DM)

192
Q

Tolbutamide

A

First gen sulfonylurea-K agonist (Type 2DM)

193
Q

Glimepiride

A

Second gen sulfonylurea-K agonist (Type 2DM)

194
Q

Glipizide

A

Second gen sulfonylurea-K agonist (Type 2DM)

195
Q

Glyburide

A

Second gen sulfonylurea-K agonist (Type 2DM)

196
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Glitazones-PPARy transcription regulator (Type 2DM)

197
Q

Rosiglitazone

A

Glitazones-PPARy transcription regulator (Type 2DM)

198
Q

exenatide

A

GLP-1 analog (Type 2DM)

199
Q

Liraglutide

A

GLP-1 analog (Type 2DM)

200
Q

Linagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor (Type 2DM)

201
Q

Saxagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor (Type 2DM)

202
Q

Sitagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor (Type 2DM)

203
Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylin analog (Type 1&2 DM)

204
Q

Camagliflozin

A

SGLT2 inhibitor (Type 2DM)

205
Q

Acarbose

A

alpha glucosidase (type 2DM)

206
Q

Miglitol

A

alpha glucosidase (type 2DM)

207
Q

Propylthiouracil

A

thyroid peroxidase inhibitor (Hypertyroidism, pregnancy)

208
Q

Methimazole

A

thyroid peroxidase inhibitor (hyperthyroidism)

209
Q

conivaptan

A

ADH antagonit (SIADH therapy)

210
Q

tolvaptan

A

ADH antagonist (SIADH therapy)

211
Q

Desmopression

A

ADH analog (Central diabetes insipidus, vWF disease)

212
Q

Growth Hormone

A

(GH deficiency, Turner syndrome)

213
Q

Oxytocin

A

(stimulate labor, milk let down)

214
Q

octreotide

A

Somatostatin analog (acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, espohageal varicies)

215
Q

Demeclocycline

A

ADH antagonist (SIADH)

216
Q

Cinacalcet

A

Ca sensitizer in parathyroid (hyperparathyroidism)

217
Q

Heparin

A

Stablaizes antithrombin (Immediate anticoagulation)

218
Q

Warfarin

A

Inhibits carboxylation of vitamin K clotting factors (chronic anticoagulation)

219
Q

apixaban

A

Direct Xa inhibitor (DVT and PE, stroke prophylaxis)

220
Q

Rivaroxaban

A

Direct Xa inhibitor (DVT and PE, stroke prophylaxis)

221
Q

Alteplase

A

tPA (Early MI, stroke or PE)

222
Q

reteplase

A

rPA (Early MI, stroke or PE)

223
Q

streptokinase

A

thrombolytic(Early MI, stroke or PE)

224
Q

tenecteplase

A

TNK-tPA (Early MI, stroke or PE)

225
Q

clopidogrel

A

Anti-ADP (Acute coronary syndrome)

226
Q

prasugrel

A

Anti-ADP (Acute coronary syndrome)

227
Q

ticagrelor

A

reversible Anti-ADP (Acute coronary syndrome)

228
Q

ticlopidine

A

Anti-ADP (Acute coronary syndrome)

229
Q

cilostazol

A

PDE3 inhibitor (prevention of stroke, angina, TIA)

230
Q

dipyridamole

A

PDE3 inhibitor (prevention of stroke, angina, TIA)

231
Q

eptifibatide

A

GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor (Unstable angina, angioplasty)

232
Q

tirofiban

A

GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor (Unstable angina, angioplasty)

233
Q

celecoxib

A

reversible COX 2 inhibitor (Rhematoid and osteo arthritis)

234
Q

Alendronate

A

Bisphosphonate (Osteoporosis, hypercalcemia, Paget’s)

235
Q

Teriparatide

A

Recombinant PTH (Osteoporosis)

236
Q

allopurinol

A

XO inhibitor (gout, tumor lysis syndrome)

237
Q

febuxostat

A

XO inhibitor (gout, lysis syndrome)

238
Q

Pegloticase

A

Metabolizes to allantoin (Chroni gout)

239
Q

Probenecid

A

inhibits reabsorption of uric acid into PCT

240
Q

Colchicine

A

binds and stabalizes tubulin (Acute gout)

241
Q

etanercept

A

fusion protein to TNF (RA, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis

242
Q

Infliximab

A

Anti TNF mab (IBS, RA, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis)

243
Q

adalimumab

A

Anti TNF mab (IBS, RA, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis)

244
Q

diphenhydramine

A

First Gen H1 blocker (allergy, motion sickness, insomnia)

245
Q

dimenhydrinate

A

First Gen H1 blocker (allergy, motion sickness, insomnia)

246
Q

chlorpheniramine

A

First Gen H1 blocker (allergy, motion sickness, insomnia)

247
Q

Loratadine

A

Second Gen H1 blocker (allergy)

248
Q

fexofenadine

A

Second Gen H1 blocker (allergy)

249
Q

desloratadine

A

Second Gen H1 blocker (allergy)

250
Q

cetirizine

A

Second Gen H1 blocker (allergy)

251
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Expectorant

252
Q

N acetylcysteine

A

Mucolytic (CF and acetaminophen overdose)

253
Q

pseudephedrine

A

alpha agonist (nasal congestion)

254
Q

Bosentan

A

endothelin receptor antagonist (Pul hTN)

255
Q

Sildenafil

A

PDE5 inhibitor (P HTN and erectile dysfunction)

256
Q

Fluticasone

A

cytokine inhibition-KFkappaB inhibitor (Chronic asthma)

257
Q

budesonide

A

cytokine inhibition-KFkappaB inhibitor (Chronic asthma)

258
Q

montelukast

A

leukotriene receptor blocker (asthma)

259
Q

zafirlukast

A

leukotriene receptor blocker (asthma)

260
Q

Zileuton

A

5lipoxygenase inhibitor (Asthma)

261
Q

theophylline

A

PDE inhibitor (asthma)

262
Q

cimetidine

A

H2 blocker (PUD, gastritis, GERD)

263
Q

ranitidine

A

H2 blocker (PUD, gastritis, GERD)

264
Q

famotidine

A

H2 blocker (PUD, gastritis, GERD)

265
Q

nizatidine

A

H2 blocker (PUD, gastritis, GERD)

266
Q

misoprostol

A

PGE1 analog (PDA maintenance, prevent NSAID gastritis)

267
Q

sulfalazine

A

sulfapyridine+5-aminosalicylic acid (Ulcerative colitis, Crohns)

268
Q

ondansetron

A

5HT3 antagonist (antiemetic)

269
Q

Metoclopramide

A

D2 antagonist (diabetic post surgery gastroparesis, antiemetic)

270
Q

Orlistat

A

inhibit gastric/pancreatic lipase (weight loss)

271
Q

epleronone

A

K sparing diruetic (hyperaldosteronism, HF)

272
Q

aliskiren

A

direct renin inhibitor

273
Q

leuprolide

A

GnRH analog (infertility if pulsatile: uterine fibroids, precocious puberty, prostate cancer continuous)

274
Q

clomiphene

A

Hypothalamic estrogen receptor (Infertility PCOS

275
Q

anastrozole

A

aromatse inhibitors (breast cancer)

276
Q

exemestane

A

aromatse inhibitors (breast cancer)

277
Q

terbutaline

A

beta 2 agonist (decrease contractions in labor)

278
Q

ritodrine

A

beta 2 agonist (decrease contractions in labor)

279
Q

danazole

A

partial androgen agonist (endometriosis, angioedema)

280
Q

finasteride

A

5alpha reduc inhibitor (BPH and male pattern bladness)

281
Q

flutamide

A

androgen receptor inhibitor (prostate carcinoma)

282
Q

tamulosin

A

alpha1 antagonist for bph

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