Drug Induced Alterations to Glucose Metabolism/Electrolyte Imbalances

Question 1

What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia?

Answer 1

fatigue; drowsiness; hunger; anxiety; headache; cold, clammy skin; shaking and lack of coordination (tremulousness); rapid, shallow respiration; tingling of mouth, tongue, and/or lips; increased HR; increased BP; severe cases, seizure and/or coma may occur

Question 2

What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia?

Answer 2

fatigue; dep respirations (Kussmaul respirations); increased urination (polyuria); increased hunger (polyphagia); increased thirst (polydipsia); nausea; hot or flushed skin; restlessness; fruity odor to breath

Question 3

What are the symptoms of hypokalemia?

Answer 3

serum potassium concentration lower than 3.5 mEq/L; weakness; numbness and tingling in the extremities; muscle cramps; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; decreased bowel sounds; irregular pulse; weak pulse; orthostatic hypertension; disorientation; in severe cases paralytic ilieus (absence of bowel sounds, abdominal distention, and acute abdomen) may occur

Question 4

What are the symptoms of hyperkalemia?

Answer 4

serum potassium concentration higher than 5.0 mEq/L; weakness; muscle cramps; diarrhea; numbness and tingling; slow heart rate; low blood pressure; decreased urine output; and difficulty breathing