Drugs Flashcards
Iprotropium inhaler
Atrovent, Apovent, Aerovent
Class: Anticholinergic bronchodilator
Action: Expands/dilates bronchiols. Decreases wheezing, SOB. Relaxes and opens air passages.
Uses: COPD, prevent wheezing, decrease SOB, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, lung diseases
Adverse effects: Constipation, upset stomch, cough, dry mucous membranes, rash, blurred vision, heart palpitations
Patient teaching: Do not get in eyes, drink water (>2L/day), increased heart rate, expands lungs and decreases SOB, dry mouth and cough, use as prescribed, 2-3 doses/day to prevent COPD symptoms.
Albuteral
Proventil, Ventonil
Class: Beta-adrenergic agonist.
Action: Enhances Beta-2 receptors in the lungs.
Therapeutic Uses: Bronchodilation, Increases heart rate, increases SNS
Uses: Acute Asthma attack, Prophylactic prior to exercise for asthmatics.
Adverse Effects: Increased HR, Tachycardia, Sympathomimetic agonist, Anxiety, Nervousness
Teach: Take during acute asthma attack, prior to exercise, blow 100% of air out, compress chamber, inhale deep and hold, will increase heart rate and anxiety
“Jitters”
Theophillin
Elixophyll in Theo-24
Class: Methylxathine
Action: Relaxes smooth muscles in respiratory airways, prevents OR reverses bronchospasm in COPD
Uses: COPD to decrease/prevent bronchospasm; provide : increased air, decreased SOB/difficulty breathing
Adverse effects: H/A, N/V, gastro refulx, diuresis (polyaria)
Patient teaching: Avoid high caffeine content, may increase side effects; upset stomach, diarrhea, insomnia, irritability; CALL DOCTOR for vomiting, seizure, rash
Prednisone
Deltasone, Orasone
Class: Corticosteroids
Action: Suppress inflammation by preventing prostaglanding
Uses: Treat inflammation disorders, breathing disorders, ulcerative colitis, lupus
Adverse effects: increased blood sugar, increased sodium retention, increased muscle weakness, potassium loss, fluid retention
Patient teaching: Increased weight gain/fluid retention, increased 12/f infection (D.M.P. +), take food - to prevent stomach upset, do not stop medication suddenly/wean gradually, increased blood sugar, increased Na retention, puffiness in face, muscle weakness
Zafirlukast
Class: Leukotriene receptor antagonist, montelakast
Action: blocks leukotrienes receptors, thus decreasing airway constriction, decreasing inflammation buildup
Uses: Prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma, decreased constriction, decreased mucous, decreased number of attacks
Adverse effects: H/A, N/V, sore throat, liver disease
CHECK HX AND LAB LFT, ALT, AST
Patient teaching:Take on empty stomach (1-2 hours between meals), take 1-2 weeks to reach desired effect, will NOT work for active asthma attacks
Cromlyn
Intal, Nasalcream, Rynacrom
Class: Mast cell stabilizer (handheld cardio steroid)
Action: Prevents allergy and inflammation
Uses: Inhalers used to treat asthma and nasal sprays for hay fever
Adverse effects: H/A, trouble swallowing, skin itching, muscle pain, swelling, white sores in throat (CALL PHYSICIAN)
Patient teaching: Meds work SLOW, 2-6 weeks to become effective, SE=Runny nose, throat irritation, HA, do not use for immediate allergy relief or asthma attack
Epinephrine
Beta 2 agonist
Levabuterol (xopinex)
Beta 2 agonist with less tachycardia and jitteriness
Ephedrine
Beta 2 agonist
Metaproerenol
Beta 2 agonist
Salmuterol
Beta 2 agonist
ipratropium bromide
(Atrovent) anticholinergics
aminophylline (norphil)
methylxanthine
Prednisone
Coricosteroids
Fluticasone (flovent)
corticosteroids
