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Surgery > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What 5 drugs cover Anaerobes

A

Metronidazole, Clindamycin, Moxifloxacin, Augmentin, Zosyn

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2
Q

What drugs are given for “clean” surgeries?

A

None, Cefazolin IV (60 min prior to incision; <120kg get 2g, >120kg get 3 g), Clindamycin IV

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3
Q

What are 2 antiviral drugs

A

Acyclovir, famcyclovir, valacyclovir, etc

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4
Q

How many days before surgery do you have to stop NSAIDs and COX2 inhibitors?

A

3 days prior

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5
Q

What agent can you use to “bridge”

A

Low molecular heparin (much shorter half life than warfarin)

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6
Q

What Abx prophylaxis should you use for endocarditis ppl?

A

Cefazolin

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7
Q

What abx should be given for a GI procedure?

A

Cefoxitin or Cefoteten; Clindamycin + aminoglycoside; Cefazolin + metronidazole

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8
Q

Name 6 drugs that cover MRSA

A

Bactrim, Vancomycin IV, Clindamycin, Linezolid, Doxycycline, Bactroban

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9
Q

What drug should be given for a “dirty” surgery

A

Broad spectrum—> Zosyn (piperacillin/tazobactam), Meropenem, Invanz, Unasyn, Primaxin, Timentin

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10
Q

How many days prior to surgery do you need to stop Clopidogrel (Plavix)

A

5-7 days

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11
Q

Name 5 drugs that have Gram Negative coverage

A

Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin, Tobramycin, Zosyn, Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidine, Cefepime, Meropenem, Imipenem

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12
Q

How many days prior to surgery must you stop Oral contraceptives and HRT for high risk VTE procedures?

A

4-6 weeks

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13
Q

Name 5 drugs that cover Pseudomonas (Gram negative rod)

A

Ciprofloxacin or Levofloxacin, Zosyn, Ceftazidine or Cefepime, Tobramycin, -penem class

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14
Q

What drugs should be given for a “clean contaminated” surgery

A

IV Cefazolin + metronidazole

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15
Q

What Abx prophylaxis should be used for abdominal surgical ppx?

A

Ampicillin/sulbactam; ceftriaxone + Metronidazole

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16
Q

How many days before surgery should you stop using ASA?

A

7-10 days

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17
Q

How many days before surgery should you stop using DOACs (Eliquis, Xarelto, Pradaxa)

A

2-3 days

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18
Q

Name 6 drugs with Gram positive coverage

A

Clindamycin, Vancomycin, Linezolid, Daptomycin, Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Augmentin (broad), Zosyn (broad)

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19
Q

How many days prior to surgery should you stop warfarin?

A

5 days

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20
Q

What are 4 notable side effects of Abx

A

Diarrhea, GI upset, Resistance, Hypersensitivity, Red Man Syndrome (Vanco)

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21
Q

Which sedatives used for RSI do not have analgesic effect?

A

Etomidate, Propofol, Midazolam

22
Q

Which sedative in RSI is contraindicated if the patient is hypotensive?

A

Propofol

23
Q

name the 6 sedatives used for RSI

A

Etomidate, Ketamine, Propofol, Thiopental, Fentanyl, Midazolam

24
Q

Name 4 neuromuscular blocks used in RSI

A

Suxamethonium, Rocuronium, Vecuronium, Succinylcholine

25
Q

What are 3 characteristics of short acting opioids

A

Dosed frequently for consistent analgesia, Easier to titration, Taken as needed

26
Q

What are the 4 Schedule 1 drugs?

A

Heroin, Ecstasy, Marijuana, LSD

27
Q

What is a main difference between schedule 2 and schedule 3 drugs?

A

Schedule 2 drugs CAN’T be called in, the patient must come in for paper rx; Schedule 3 can be called in

28
Q

What are the Indications and Contraindications for Movantik?

A

Indications: Opioid induced constipation
Contraindications: Sensitivity to Naloxegol, GI obstruction, Risk of recurrent obstruction

29
Q

What are 3 indications for Recombinant Factor VIIa?

A
  1. Congenital Factor VII deficiency
  2. Hemophilia
  3. Warfarin related intracerebral hemorrhage
30
Q

What are the 3 Schedule 3 drugs?

A

Tylenol with Codeine
Anabolic steroids
Testosterone

31
Q

What schedule is Diazepam?

A

Schedule 4

32
Q

What are 2 characteristics of long-acting opioids?

A

More consistent steady state level for around the clock coverage
Helpful for severe or chronic pain
Ex: OxyContin, MS Contin

33
Q

What are 4 non-opioid analgesics and what are the indications for their use?

A

ASA, Tylenol, NSAIDS, COX-2 inhibitors

  1. Short term management of moderate to severe pain
  2. Celebrex: osteoarthritis, RA, acute pain
34
Q

What are 3 drugs used for anesthesia maintenance?

A

Sevoflurane, Desflurane, Nitrous Oxide

35
Q

What are the 5 common side effects of pain meds?

A
  1. Respiratory depression/arrest
  2. Delirium/CNS effects
  3. GI disturbances
  4. Constipation
  5. Pruritus
36
Q

What are the 3 indications for use of Epinephrine?

A

Anaphylaxis, Asthma, Cardiac Arrest

37
Q

What drugs should be used for community acquired pneumonia? Hospital acquired?

A

Community: Ceftriaxone IV (Levofloxacin if penicillin allergy)

Hospital: Piperacillin/Tazobactam (Zosyn); Meropenem or Astreonam if Penicillin allergy

38
Q

What are the indications for use of TXA (transexemic acid)?

A
  1. Heavy menstrual bleeding
  2. Tooth extraction in hemophilia
  3. Blood loss prevention and reduction in high blood loss surgeries
  4. Trauma associated hemorrhage
  5. Traumatic Hyphema
39
Q

What is the best route of anesthesia for surgeries involving abdominal contents, head/neck/shoulder?

A

General Anesthesia

40
Q

What vasopressor is indicated for Hypotension?

A

Phenylephrine

41
Q

What vasopressor should be used in Septic Shock?

A

Norepinephrine

42
Q

What abx should be used for community acquired UTI? Hospital?

A

Community: Ceftriaxone

Hospital: Meropenem IV

43
Q

Which vasopressor is used 2nd line for hypotension

A

Dopamine

44
Q

What is the treatment of choice for cholangitis?

A

Zosyn, Meropenem

45
Q

Name 6 Vasopressors

A

Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Phenylephrine, Epinephrine, Ephedrine, Dobutamine

46
Q

What is Milirinone indicated for?

A

Decompensated heart failure

47
Q

What is the surgical indication for Loperamide (Imodium)

A

Symptomatic diarrhea, bacterial colitis

48
Q

What is the treatment choice for appendicitis OR prophylaxis

A

Cefazolin + Metronidazole

49
Q

What are the contents and indications for a “banana bag”

A

Contents: thiamine, folic acid, mag sulfate
Indicated: alcoholics

50
Q

What is the drug of choice for diabetic foot or cellulitis with PVD

A

Zosyn, Allergy: use meropenem or aztreonam

51
Q

What type of anesthesia is best for child procedures/colonoscopy?

A

MAC/conscious sedation

52
Q

What should be given to a patient in adrenal crisis?

A

Steroids—> fluids and pressors will not improve the hypotension

Surgery (1 decks)

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