Drugs for Shock

Question 1

epinephrine

Answer 1

• treatment of anaphylactic shock

- β1 to increase myocardial contractility, α1 and α2 to increase vascular tone in organs, β2 to bronchodilate

Question 2

dopamine

Answer 2

• Vasopressor/Inotrope

- at lower doses it preferentially stimulates β-receptors while higher doses also stimulate α-receptors

Question 3

norepinephrine

Answer 3

• Vasopressor/Inotrope
• stimulates vascular α-receptors and β1-receptors of heart and kidney, but not β2-receptors
• superior in cardiogenic shock and septic shock

Question 4

ephedrine

Answer 4

• Vasopressor/Inotrope

- potent at β1-receptors, also stimulates α-receptors and β2-receptors of vasculature

Question 5

dobutamine

Answer 5

• Vasopressor/Inotrope

- preferentially stimulates β1-receptors of heart to increase rate and contractility, but does vasodilate in periphery

Question 6

phenylephrine

Answer 6

• Vasopressor/Inotrope
• stimulates α-receptors, increase in blood pressure can cause a reflex decrease in HR and contractility due to withdrawal of sympathetic tone

Question 7

Vasopressin

Answer 7

• Vasopressor/Inotrope
• hormone from posterior pituitary
• a potent vasoconstrictor, it exerts these effects by binding to V1 receptors in the vasculature
• (V2 receptors in kidney mediate its antidiuretic effects)